CVE-2025-15407 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the Online Guitar Store 1.0 application developed by code-projects. The flaw exists in the /admin/Create_category.php script, where the dre_Ctitle parameter is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This lack of input validation enables remote attackers to inject malicious SQL code, potentially manipulating the database to read, modify, or delete data without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network with low attack complexity and no privileges needed, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates no user interaction (UI:N), no privileges required (PR:N), and network attack vector (AV:N), with low to limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no exploits have been observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The absence of patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate mitigation through secure coding practices and access controls. The vulnerability primarily threatens the backend database integrity and confidentiality, potentially exposing sensitive business or customer data. Given the application is an e-commerce platform, successful exploitation could disrupt business operations and damage reputation. The vulnerability's medium severity rating reflects the balance between ease of exploitation and the limited scope of affected versions and components.

For European organizations using the Online Guitar Store 1.0, this SQL injection vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their e-commerce data. Attackers could extract sensitive customer information, manipulate product categories, or disrupt store operations, leading to financial loss and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, especially for organizations exposing the administrative interface to the internet. Retailers relying on this software may face compliance issues under GDPR if personal data is compromised. Additionally, disruption of online sales platforms could impact revenue streams and customer trust. The medium severity suggests that while the vulnerability is serious, its impact is somewhat contained by the limited affected version and the requirement that the vulnerable script be accessible. However, given the public disclosure, European organizations should consider the threat credible and prioritize mitigation to avoid exploitation.

1. Immediately restrict access to the /admin/Create_category.php endpoint by implementing network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. 2. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the dre_Ctitle parameter. 3. Update the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions involving user input, eliminating direct concatenation of input into SQL commands. 4. Implement rigorous input validation and sanitization on all parameters, especially those used in SQL queries, to reject malicious payloads. 5. Monitor application logs for unusual database query patterns or errors indicative of injection attempts. 6. If patches or updates become available from the vendor, apply them promptly. 7. Conduct security audits and penetration testing focused on injection vulnerabilities to identify and remediate similar issues. 8. Educate development and operations teams on secure coding practices and the risks of SQL injection. 9. Consider isolating the administrative interface from public networks or using multi-factor authentication to add layers of defense.