CVE-2025-15500 is an OS command injection vulnerability found in Sangfor's Operation and Maintenance Management System (OMMS) versions 3.0.0 through 3.0.8. The flaw exists in the HTTP POST request handler for the endpoint /isomp-protocol/protocol/getHis, specifically in the processing of the sessionPath parameter. An attacker can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary operating system commands, which the server executes with the privileges of the OMMS service. This vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and can be exploited remotely over the network. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P) reflects that the attack is network-based, requires low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction, and results in high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. The vendor has not issued any patches or advisories, and public exploit code is available, increasing the risk of active exploitation. The vulnerability could allow attackers to fully compromise affected systems, execute arbitrary commands, steal sensitive data, disrupt operations, or pivot within networks. Given the critical nature of OMMS in managing IT infrastructure, exploitation could have severe operational consequences.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a severe threat to operational security and data confidentiality. Sangfor OMMS is used in network and infrastructure management, so exploitation could lead to complete system compromise, allowing attackers to disrupt critical services, exfiltrate sensitive information, or deploy ransomware. The lack of vendor response and patches increases exposure time. Organizations in sectors such as telecommunications, finance, government, and critical infrastructure that rely on Sangfor products are at heightened risk. The ability to execute OS commands remotely without authentication means attackers can quickly gain control, potentially affecting availability of essential services and causing cascading failures. This could result in financial losses, regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches, and damage to organizational reputation.

Immediate mitigation should focus on network-level controls: restrict access to the OMMS management interface to trusted IPs only, ideally via VPN or isolated management networks. Implement strict input validation and filtering on the sessionPath parameter if possible through web application firewalls (WAFs) or reverse proxies. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual POST requests to /isomp-protocol/protocol/getHis, especially those containing suspicious command injection patterns. Disable or isolate vulnerable OMMS instances until a vendor patch is available. Conduct thorough audits of affected systems for signs of compromise. Engage with Sangfor support channels to demand timely patch releases. Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect post-exploitation activities. Finally, maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans tailored to potential ransomware or data breach scenarios stemming from this vulnerability.