CVE-2025-20361VulnerabilityPublished 1 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-20361: Cisco Unified Communications Manager · Cross-site Scripting

Affects Cisco Unified Communications ManagerSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.8 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 07:57 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 12% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable component that could affect component-wide settings and files.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 1 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Cisco Cisco Unified Communications Manager	Affected =12.5 =14 =15	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, European organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Enforce strict access controls and multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts managing Cisco Unified Communications Manager to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 2) Conduct regular audits of administrative account usage and monitor for anomalous login patterns or suspicious activities within the management interface. 4) Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers and other browser-based mitigations where possible to limit the impact of injected scripts. 5) Educate administrators on the risks of XSS and safe usage practices, including avoiding clicking on suspicious links or inputting untrusted data into the management interface. 6) Segment the management interface network access to trusted administrative hosts only, reducing exposure to potential attackers. 7) Use web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious input patterns targeting the management interface. These targeted mitigations go beyond generic advice by focusing on credential security, monitoring, network segmentation, and proactive detection tailored to the affected Cisco product environment.

Description

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerability exists because the web-based management interface does not properly validate user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious code into specific pages of the interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected interface or access sensitive, browser-based information. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for enterprises and service providers relying on Cisco Unified Communications Manager for their telephony and unified communications infrastructure. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized execution of scripts in the management interface, potentially allowing attackers to steal session tokens, manipulate administrative functions, or gather sensitive configuration data. This could result in disruption of communication services, unauthorized changes to call routing or policies, and exposure of sensitive organizational information. Given the reliance on unified communications for business-critical operations, such disruptions could affect operational continuity and confidentiality. However, since exploitation requires administrative credentials, the risk is primarily from insider threats or attackers who have already gained elevated access. The medium severity score indicates that while the vulnerability is concerning, it is not trivially exploitable by external unauthenticated attackers, somewhat limiting its immediate risk. Nonetheless, organizations with lax credential management or insufficient monitoring could face elevated risks.

References

sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-cucm-stored-xss-Fnj66YLy (opens in a new tab)

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 1 Oct 2025, 16:19 UTC

Technical details

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