CVE-2025-21059 is a vulnerability identified in Samsung Health, a widely used health and fitness application on Samsung mobile devices. The issue is classified as CWE-285: Improper Authorization, meaning the application fails to enforce proper access controls on sensitive data. Specifically, versions of Samsung Health prior to 6.30.5.105 allow local attackers—those with physical or logical access to the device but without any special privileges—to access confidential health data stored within the app. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or authentication, which lowers the barrier for exploitation. The CVSS v3.1 score is 6.2 (medium), with vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, indicating local attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction, unchanged scope, high confidentiality impact, and no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no official patches have been linked yet, though the vendor has reserved the CVE and published the advisory. The flaw could allow attackers to extract sensitive health data, potentially violating user privacy and regulatory compliance, especially in environments where health data confidentiality is critical. The vulnerability affects Samsung Health users on Samsung mobile devices, which are prevalent across Europe. The lack of required privileges or user interaction makes this a notable risk for insider threats or scenarios where devices may be temporarily accessible to unauthorized persons.

For European organizations, especially those in healthcare, insurance, or sectors handling sensitive personal health information, this vulnerability poses a significant confidentiality risk. Unauthorized local access to Samsung Health data could lead to exposure of private health metrics, medical history, and fitness data, potentially violating GDPR and other privacy regulations. The breach of such data can damage organizational reputation and result in regulatory penalties. Since the vulnerability requires local access but no privileges or user interaction, it increases risk in environments where devices are shared, lost, or stolen. Organizations relying on Samsung devices for employee health monitoring or wellness programs may face data leakage risks. The impact is primarily on confidentiality, with no direct effect on data integrity or availability. However, the privacy implications and potential for misuse of sensitive health data elevate the threat's seriousness in European contexts with stringent data protection laws.

1. Update Samsung Health to version 6.30.5.105 or later as soon as the patch is available to ensure the authorization flaw is fixed. 2. Enforce strict physical security policies to prevent unauthorized local access to devices, including secure storage and device lock mechanisms. 3. Utilize device encryption and strong authentication methods (PIN, biometrics) to reduce risk of unauthorized access. 4. Implement Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to monitor and control app versions and device access within the organization. 5. Educate users about the risks of leaving devices unattended or lending them to untrusted individuals. 6. For organizations using Samsung Health data, consider additional application-level encryption or data segregation where feasible. 7. Monitor for unusual access patterns or data exfiltration attempts from Samsung Health data stores. 8. Coordinate with Samsung support channels for timely updates and advisories related to this vulnerability.