CVE-2025-23245 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in NVIDIA's vGPU software used for Windows and Linux platforms, specifically affecting versions R535, R550, R570, and R575. The vulnerability arises from incorrect permission assignments within the Virtual GPU Manager (vGPU plugin), which is responsible for managing virtualized GPU resources in cloud gaming and virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) environments. Due to improper access controls, a guest virtual machine (VM) can gain unauthorized access to global resources that should be isolated per VM. This flaw is classified under CWE-732, indicating incorrect permission assignment for critical resources. Exploitation does not impact confidentiality or integrity but can lead to denial of service (DoS) conditions by disrupting the availability of GPU resources for other guests or the host system. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium), with attack vector local (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring low privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), no confidentiality or integrity impact (C:N, I:N), and high impact on availability (A:H). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability is relevant in environments where NVIDIA vGPU software is deployed, including cloud gaming platforms, virtual desktop infrastructures, and other GPU-accelerated virtualized workloads. The flaw could be exploited by a malicious or compromised guest VM to disrupt service availability, potentially affecting multi-tenant cloud providers and enterprises relying on GPU virtualization for critical workloads.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-23245 is the potential for denial of service in virtualized GPU environments. Organizations using NVIDIA vGPU software for cloud gaming, virtual desktops, or GPU-accelerated applications may experience service interruptions if a guest VM exploits this vulnerability. This could degrade user experience, disrupt business operations, and cause financial losses, especially for service providers offering GPU resources to multiple tenants. The lack of confidentiality and integrity impact reduces risks of data breaches, but availability disruptions can affect sectors relying on real-time processing such as media streaming, financial modeling, and scientific simulations. Additionally, organizations in regulated industries may face compliance challenges if service availability is compromised. The vulnerability's requirement for local access and low privileges means that insider threats or compromised VMs pose the greatest risk. European cloud providers and enterprises with GPU virtualization deployments should be particularly vigilant to avoid cascading service outages.

1. Implement strict VM isolation policies and monitor guest VM activities to detect abnormal access patterns to GPU resources. 2. Restrict administrative privileges on host systems and limit the ability of guest VMs to escalate privileges or access global resources. 3. Deploy network segmentation and micro-segmentation to contain potential exploits within limited environments. 4. Regularly update NVIDIA vGPU software to the latest versions once patches addressing this vulnerability are released. 5. Employ runtime security tools that can detect and block attempts to exploit permission misconfigurations in virtualization layers. 6. Conduct thorough security assessments and penetration testing focused on GPU virtualization components. 7. For cloud service providers, implement tenant usage monitoring and anomaly detection to quickly identify denial of service attempts originating from guest VMs. 8. Maintain incident response plans that include scenarios involving GPU virtualization disruptions.