CVE-2025-23277 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in NVIDIA GPU Display Drivers, specifically affecting version R575 on both Linux and Windows platforms. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-284, which pertains to improper access control. The issue resides within the kernel mode driver component of the NVIDIA display driver stack. An attacker with limited privileges (requiring low privileges and user interaction) can exploit this vulnerability to access memory regions outside the bounds normally permitted during standard operations. This out-of-bounds memory access can lead to several critical consequences, including denial of service (system crashes or GPU driver failures), data tampering (modification of sensitive data in memory), and information disclosure (leakage of confidential information from kernel memory). The CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with relatively low attack complexity but requiring some privileges and user interaction. The vulnerability's scope is unchanged, meaning the impact is confined to the vulnerable component without affecting other system components directly. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, indicating that mitigation may rely on vendor updates once available. Given the kernel mode nature of the driver and the potential for privilege escalation or system instability, this vulnerability represents a significant risk to systems using the affected NVIDIA GPU drivers, especially in environments where GPUs are critical for graphical processing or compute workloads.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-23277 can be substantial, particularly for sectors relying heavily on NVIDIA GPUs for graphical rendering, scientific computing, AI workloads, or virtualization. The vulnerability could be exploited to disrupt operations through denial of service, potentially causing downtime in critical infrastructure such as financial services, research institutions, and media production companies. Data tampering and information disclosure risks threaten the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data, which is especially concerning under strict European data protection regulations like GDPR. Organizations using affected NVIDIA drivers on workstations, servers, or virtualized environments may face increased risk of targeted attacks or insider threats exploiting this vulnerability. The requirement for low privileges and user interaction means that phishing or social engineering could be vectors for exploitation, increasing the attack surface. Additionally, the cross-platform nature (Linux and Windows) broadens the scope of affected systems across diverse IT environments common in Europe. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the high severity score necessitates urgent attention to prevent potential exploitation.

1. Immediate inventory and identification of systems running NVIDIA GPU Display Driver version R575 on both Linux and Windows platforms. 2. Monitor NVIDIA’s official channels for patches or security advisories addressing CVE-2025-23277 and apply updates promptly once available. 3. Implement strict access controls to limit user privileges, minimizing the number of users with the ability to interact with GPU drivers or execute code that could trigger the vulnerability. 4. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring unusual GPU driver behavior or kernel mode anomalies. 5. Educate users about the risks of social engineering and phishing attacks that could facilitate exploitation requiring user interaction. 6. For high-value or sensitive environments, consider temporarily disabling or restricting GPU driver usage where feasible until patches are applied. 7. Use application whitelisting and kernel integrity monitoring to detect and prevent unauthorized modifications or exploitation attempts targeting the GPU driver. 8. Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing focused on GPU driver components to identify potential exploitation attempts early.