CVE-2025-23757 is a reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, affecting the ZD Scribd iPaper product developed by Proloy Chakroborty. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of user-supplied input during the generation of web pages, which allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code that executes in the context of the victim's browser. This reflected XSS does not require authentication (PR:N) but does require user interaction (UI:R), such as clicking on a maliciously crafted URL. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1, indicating high severity, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), and impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L). The scope is changed (S:C), meaning the vulnerability affects components beyond the initially vulnerable component. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild and no patches have been released, the vulnerability poses significant risk due to the potential for session hijacking, credential theft, and unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user. The affected versions are unspecified but include all versions up to 1.0. The vulnerability highlights the need for proper input validation and output encoding in web applications to prevent injection of executable code. Since ZD Scribd iPaper is a web-based document viewer or embedding tool, exploitation could target users accessing documents through this platform, potentially compromising sensitive information or enabling further attacks within the victim's session.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, session hijacking, and potential defacement or disruption of services relying on ZD Scribd iPaper. Organizations using this product for document sharing or embedding may expose their users to malicious scripts that steal credentials or perform unauthorized actions. The impact is particularly critical for sectors handling confidential data such as finance, healthcare, and government. Additionally, the reflected XSS could be leveraged as an initial vector for more complex attacks like phishing or malware distribution. The lack of patches increases the window of exposure, and the requirement for user interaction means targeted social engineering campaigns could amplify the threat. The vulnerability could also undermine trust in digital document workflows and compliance with data protection regulations such as GDPR if personal data is compromised.

European organizations should immediately review their use of ZD Scribd iPaper and restrict access where possible until a patch is available. Implement web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block reflected XSS payloads targeting this product. Conduct thorough input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the application environment. Educate users to avoid clicking on suspicious links, especially those purporting to lead to documents hosted via ZD Scribd iPaper. Monitor web traffic and logs for unusual patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. If feasible, isolate or sandbox the use of ZD Scribd iPaper to limit potential damage. Engage with the vendor or developer to obtain patches or updates and apply them promptly once released. Consider alternative secure document sharing solutions if the risk is deemed unacceptable. Finally, integrate this vulnerability into incident response plans to ensure rapid containment if exploitation is detected.