CVE-2025-24995 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver component of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). This vulnerability arises due to improper bounds checking when handling memory buffers within the kernel streaming driver, leading to potential heap corruption. An authorized attacker with local access and limited privileges can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary code in kernel mode, effectively elevating their privileges to SYSTEM level. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, increasing its potential impact in scenarios where local access is already obtained. The flaw is classified under CWE-122, indicating a classic heap-based buffer overflow issue. Although no public exploits have been reported yet, the vulnerability's characteristics suggest that it could be leveraged in targeted attacks against systems running this specific Windows version. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8 (High) reflects the vulnerability's significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with a relatively low attack complexity and no need for user interaction. The affected Windows 10 Version 1809 is an older release, but still present in some enterprise and industrial environments, which may delay patch deployment and increase exposure. The lack of an official patch link suggests that remediation may still be pending or in progress.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a serious risk, particularly for those still operating legacy Windows 10 Version 1809 systems. Successful exploitation allows attackers to gain SYSTEM-level privileges, potentially leading to full control over affected machines. This can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of critical services, and the ability to deploy further malware or ransomware. Sectors such as manufacturing, healthcare, and government agencies that often rely on legacy systems could face operational disruptions and data breaches. The local attack vector means that initial compromise (e.g., via phishing or insider threat) could be escalated rapidly. Given the high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts, organizations may experience significant financial and reputational damage. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as exploit development could emerge. The vulnerability also complicates compliance with European data protection regulations like GDPR if exploited to exfiltrate personal data.

Organizations should prioritize upgrading or patching Windows 10 Version 1809 systems as soon as Microsoft releases an official security update addressing CVE-2025-24995. Until patches are available, implement strict local access controls to limit the number of users with privileges on affected systems. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for anomalous behavior indicative of privilege escalation attempts. Disable or restrict the Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver if feasible, or apply system hardening measures to reduce attack surface. Conduct thorough audits of local user accounts and remove unnecessary privileges. Increase monitoring of event logs for suspicious activity related to kernel driver operations. For critical infrastructure, consider network segmentation to isolate legacy systems and reduce lateral movement risk. Educate staff on the risks of local compromise and enforce strong physical security controls to prevent unauthorized access. Finally, maintain an incident response plan tailored to privilege escalation scenarios to enable rapid containment.