CVE-2025-27632 identifies a Host Header Injection vulnerability in Hitachi Energy's TRMTracker application versions 6.2 and 6.3. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of HTTP headers for scripting syntax (CWE-644), allowing attackers to manipulate the Host header in HTTP requests. By injecting malicious values into the Host header, attackers can exploit multiple attack vectors, notably web-cache poisoning, which can lead to defacement of site content or serving malicious content to users. The vulnerability does not require authentication (PR:N) but does require user interaction (UI:R), such as convincing users to visit a crafted URL containing the manipulated Host header. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, reflecting medium severity, with network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), and a scope change (S:C) indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially vulnerable component. The impact affects confidentiality and integrity (C:L/I:L) but not availability (A:N). No patches or known exploits are currently available, but the vulnerability's presence in critical energy management software raises concerns about potential targeted attacks. The improper handling of Host headers can also facilitate cache poisoning attacks, which may mislead users or redirect them to malicious sites, increasing the risk of phishing or malware distribution.

For European organizations, especially those in the energy sector using Hitachi Energy's TRMTracker, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized content manipulation and potential exposure of sensitive information. Web-cache poisoning can lead to users receiving malicious or altered content, undermining trust and potentially enabling further attacks such as phishing or malware delivery. The confidentiality and integrity of data processed or displayed by TRMTracker could be compromised, affecting operational decision-making and reporting. Given the critical nature of energy infrastructure in Europe, exploitation could disrupt business processes or damage reputations. Although availability is not directly impacted, the indirect consequences of compromised data integrity could lead to operational inefficiencies or regulatory scrutiny. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but should not lead to complacency, as attackers may develop exploits once the vulnerability becomes widely known.

European organizations should implement strict validation and sanitization of HTTP Host headers within TRMTracker and any associated web infrastructure to prevent injection of malicious values. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting Host header anomalies can provide an additional layer of defense. Configure cache-control headers to prevent caching of responses that depend on the Host header or implement cache partitioning to avoid poisoning. Monitor HTTP traffic logs for unusual Host header values and suspicious user access patterns. Engage with Hitachi Energy to obtain patches or updates as they become available and apply them promptly. Conduct security awareness training to reduce the risk of successful user interaction-based exploitation. Additionally, perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on HTTP header handling to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.