CVE-2025-2881 identifies a vulnerability in the bap22 Developer Toolbar plugin for WordPress, specifically versions up to and including 1.0.3. The flaw arises from a publicly accessible phpinfo.php script that exposes sensitive information about the server environment, PHP configuration, and potentially other internal details. This exposure falls under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor). The vulnerability requires no authentication, no user interaction, and can be exploited remotely by simply accessing the phpinfo.php endpoint. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.3 (medium), reflecting the ease of access but limited impact on integrity and availability. The information disclosed can include environment variables, loaded modules, paths, and other configuration details that could assist attackers in crafting further attacks such as privilege escalation, code injection, or targeted exploits. No patches or fixes are currently linked, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date. The plugin is widely used in WordPress environments, which are popular globally, increasing the potential attack surface. The vulnerability highlights the risk of exposing diagnostic or debug endpoints publicly without access controls.

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive server and application environment information. While it does not directly allow code execution or system compromise, the leaked data can significantly aid attackers in reconnaissance and planning more sophisticated attacks. This can lead to increased risk of targeted exploitation, including privilege escalation, injection attacks, or exploitation of other vulnerabilities. For organizations, this can result in loss of confidentiality, potential data breaches, and damage to reputation. Since WordPress powers a large portion of the web, especially small to medium businesses and content-driven sites, the scope of affected systems is broad. The vulnerability does not affect integrity or availability directly but increases the overall attack surface and risk profile of affected sites.

1. Immediately restrict access to the phpinfo.php script by implementing web server access controls such as IP whitelisting, authentication, or disabling the script entirely if not needed. 2. Monitor web server logs for any access attempts to the phpinfo.php endpoint to detect potential reconnaissance activity. 3. Remove or rename the phpinfo.php file if it is not essential for site operation. 4. Stay alert for official patches or updates from the bap22 Developer Toolbar plugin developers and apply them promptly once released. 5. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) to block unauthorized access to sensitive endpoints. 6. Conduct regular security audits of WordPress plugins to identify and remediate similar information disclosure issues. 7. Educate site administrators about the risks of exposing debug or diagnostic scripts publicly. 8. Consider isolating or sandboxing WordPress environments to limit the impact of information disclosure.