CVE-2025-29959 is a vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809, specifically within the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). The issue is classified under CWE-908, which refers to the use of uninitialized resources. In this context, the vulnerability arises because RRAS improperly handles certain resources without initializing them first. This flaw allows an unauthorized attacker to remotely disclose sensitive information over the network. The vulnerability does not require any privileges or authentication (PR:N), but it does require user interaction (UI:R), such as convincing a user to connect to a malicious network or service. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), meaning exploitation can occur remotely without physical access. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:H) but does not affect integrity or availability (I:N, A:N). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.5, indicating a medium severity level. No known exploits are currently in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability could allow attackers to gain access to sensitive information that should otherwise be protected, potentially leading to further exploitation or reconnaissance activities. Since RRAS is a service used for routing and remote access, environments that rely on VPNs or remote network services are particularly at risk. The flaw's requirement for user interaction suggests that social engineering or phishing techniques might be used to trigger exploitation.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-29959 could be significant, especially for those relying on Windows 10 Version 1809 systems running RRAS for remote access or network routing. The unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information could lead to exposure of internal network configurations, user credentials, or other confidential data, which could be leveraged in subsequent attacks such as lateral movement or privilege escalation. Sectors with high reliance on remote connectivity, such as finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure, may face increased risks. Additionally, organizations bound by GDPR must consider the regulatory implications of any data breach resulting from this vulnerability, potentially facing fines and reputational damage. The medium severity rating indicates that while the vulnerability is serious, it is not immediately critical; however, the ease of network-based exploitation without privileges means that attackers could exploit this vulnerability at scale if user interaction can be induced. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as threat actors often develop exploits following public disclosure.

To mitigate CVE-2025-29959, European organizations should prioritize the following actions: 1) Upgrade or patch systems running Windows 10 Version 1809 as soon as Microsoft releases an official fix. Until then, consider disabling RRAS if it is not essential, or restrict its use to trusted networks only. 2) Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of RRAS services to untrusted or public networks. 3) Employ strict access controls and monitoring on RRAS endpoints to detect unusual connection attempts or data flows. 4) Educate users about the risks of interacting with unknown networks or services, as user interaction is required for exploitation. 5) Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to identify suspicious activities related to RRAS. 6) Regularly audit and update remote access configurations to minimize attack surface. 7) Monitor threat intelligence feeds for any emerging exploits or indicators of compromise related to this CVE. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific service and exploitation requirements of this vulnerability.