CVE-2025-30131 is a critical vulnerability affecting IROAD Dashcam FX2 devices. The vulnerability arises from an unauthenticated file upload endpoint that allows attackers to upload arbitrary files, including CGI-based webshells. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the device with root privileges, effectively gaining full control over the dashcam. The attacker can also upload a netcat (nc) binary to establish a reverse shell, enabling persistent remote access with elevated privileges. This level of control allows the attacker to manipulate device functionality, exfiltrate data, or use the compromised dashcam as a foothold for further network intrusion. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, significantly lowering the barrier to exploitation. Although no CVSS score has been assigned yet and no known exploits are reported in the wild, the technical details indicate a severe security risk due to the combination of unauthenticated access, root-level command execution, and potential for persistent remote control.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial, especially for entities relying on IROAD Dashcam FX2 devices for fleet management, security monitoring, or transportation logistics. Compromise of these devices could lead to unauthorized surveillance, data leakage, or manipulation of recorded footage, undermining privacy and evidentiary integrity. Root-level access on dashcams could also be leveraged to pivot into broader corporate networks if these devices are connected to internal systems or communicate over enterprise networks. This could result in operational disruptions, reputational damage, and regulatory non-compliance, particularly under GDPR where unauthorized data access and processing are tightly controlled. Additionally, persistent remote access could facilitate espionage or sabotage activities targeting critical infrastructure sectors such as transportation or public safety, which are vital in many European countries.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately identify and isolate all IROAD Dashcam FX2 devices within their environment. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit device exposure, restricting access to trusted management systems only. Since no patch or firmware update is currently available, organizations should disable or restrict access to the vulnerable file upload endpoint if possible, for example by implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) or intrusion prevention systems (IPS) with custom rules to block unauthorized file uploads. Monitoring network traffic for unusual outbound connections, such as reverse shells or netcat activity, is critical to detect exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider replacing vulnerable devices with models from vendors that provide timely security updates and have secure development practices. Finally, maintaining strict access controls and continuous security monitoring around connected IoT devices will reduce the risk of compromise and lateral movement.