CVE-2025-30445 is a vulnerability identified in Apple tvOS, specifically involving a type confusion issue that can be triggered by an attacker on the local network. Type confusion vulnerabilities occur when a program incorrectly interprets the type of an object, leading to unexpected behavior or memory corruption. In this case, the flaw allows an attacker to cause an unexpected termination of an application running on tvOS devices. The vulnerability has been addressed by Apple through improved type checking mechanisms in multiple operating systems, including tvOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, iPadOS 17.7.6 and 18.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, iOS 18.4, and visionOS 2.4. The vulnerability is exploitable without requiring user interaction or privileges, but the attacker must be on the same local network as the target device. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5, indicating a medium severity level, with the attack vector being adjacent network (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), no impact on confidentiality or integrity (C:N, I:N), but high impact on availability (A:H). This means the primary effect is denial of service through app crashes rather than data compromise. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-843 (Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type).

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-30445 is the potential for denial of service on Apple tvOS devices within local networks. This could disrupt business operations that rely on Apple TV devices for digital signage, presentations, or internal communications. Although the vulnerability does not allow data theft or system compromise, frequent or targeted app terminations could degrade user experience, cause operational delays, and increase support costs. Organizations with large deployments of Apple TV devices in conference rooms, retail environments, or hospitality sectors may face increased risk. Since exploitation requires local network access, attackers would need to be physically present or have compromised the internal network, which raises the risk in environments with weak network segmentation or guest Wi-Fi access. The lack of impact on confidentiality and integrity limits the threat to availability, but availability disruptions can still have significant operational consequences, especially in critical or customer-facing environments.

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, European organizations should: 1) Ensure all Apple devices, especially those running tvOS, are updated promptly to the patched versions (tvOS 18.4 or later). 2) Implement strict network segmentation to isolate Apple TV devices from untrusted or guest networks, reducing the risk of local network attackers reaching these devices. 3) Monitor local network traffic for unusual patterns or repeated connection attempts to Apple TV devices that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4) Restrict physical and wireless access to the local network to trusted personnel only, including securing Wi-Fi with strong authentication and encryption. 5) Employ network access control (NAC) solutions to prevent unauthorized devices from connecting to the local network. 6) Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid response if unexplained app crashes occur on Apple TV devices. 7) Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions that can detect abnormal application behavior or crashes on Apple devices. These steps go beyond generic patching advice by focusing on network architecture and monitoring tailored to the attack vector and exploitation requirements.