CVE-2025-30460 is a permissions vulnerability in Apple macOS that allows an application without privileges or user interaction to access protected user data. The root cause is an access control weakness (CWE-284) where the system failed to enforce proper permission checks on sensitive data access. Apple resolved the issue by removing the vulnerable code paths and implementing additional permission validation mechanisms. The vulnerability affects macOS versions Ventura 13.7.5, Sequoia 15.4, and Sonoma 14.7.5, indicating it spans multiple recent releases. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.4 (high), with an attack vector of network (AV:N), high attack complexity (AC:H), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N). The impact is high on confidentiality and integrity, as unauthorized apps could read or manipulate protected user data, but availability is not affected. No public exploits have been reported, suggesting limited active exploitation currently. However, the ease of exploitation without user interaction or privileges makes this a significant risk. The vulnerability is particularly concerning for environments where sensitive or regulated data is stored on macOS devices, such as corporate or governmental organizations. The fix is included in the specified macOS updates, and users are strongly advised to upgrade promptly to mitigate risk.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive user data on macOS devices. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure that rely on Apple hardware could face data breaches if attackers exploit this flaw. The ability for an unprivileged, non-interactive app to access protected data could lead to unauthorized data exfiltration, intellectual property theft, or compromise of personal information subject to GDPR. This could result in regulatory penalties, reputational damage, and operational disruption. Since macOS is widely used in certain European markets, especially in professional and creative industries, the scope of impact is non-trivial. The lack of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive patching, but the high severity and ease of exploitation mean organizations must act quickly. Failure to patch could also expose organizations to targeted attacks or supply chain compromises leveraging this vulnerability.

European organizations should immediately prioritize deploying the security updates macOS Ventura 13.7.5, Sequoia 15.4, and Sonoma 14.7.5 across all Apple devices to remediate the vulnerability. Beyond patching, organizations should implement application whitelisting to restrict installation and execution of untrusted or unknown apps, reducing the risk of malicious apps exploiting this flaw. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring for anomalous access to protected user data on macOS. Conduct regular audits of installed applications and permissions to identify and remove potentially risky software. Educate users on the risks of installing unverified applications and enforce strict policies on software sourcing. Network segmentation can limit exposure of sensitive macOS devices to untrusted networks. Finally, maintain up-to-date inventories of Apple devices and ensure timely application of security patches as part of a robust vulnerability management program.