CVE-2025-31330 is a critical vulnerability classified under CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code) affecting SAP Landscape Transformation (SLT) Analysis Platform. The vulnerability arises from improper validation and control in a function module exposed via Remote Function Call (RFC), which allows an attacker with legitimate user privileges to inject arbitrary ABAP code into the system. This code injection bypasses essential authorization checks, effectively creating a backdoor that can be exploited to execute malicious code with the privileges of the compromised user. The affected SLT versions include DMIS 2011_1_700, 2011_1_710, 2011_1_730, and 2011_1_731. The flaw compromises the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the SAP system, potentially allowing attackers to exfiltrate sensitive data, manipulate business processes, or disrupt operations. The CVSS v3.1 score of 9.9 reflects the vulnerability’s network attack vector, low complexity, required privileges (low), no user interaction, and scope change, indicating that exploitation can lead to complete system compromise. Although no public exploits have been reported yet, the vulnerability’s nature and the critical role of SAP systems in enterprise environments make it a high-priority security concern. The vulnerability was published on April 8, 2025, and no official patches are listed yet, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation and monitoring.

The impact of CVE-2025-31330 is severe for organizations worldwide that utilize SAP Landscape Transformation (SLT) in their enterprise resource planning (ERP) and data integration workflows. Successful exploitation can lead to full system compromise, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary ABAP code with user-level privileges, which can escalate to higher privileges depending on the environment. This compromises the confidentiality of sensitive business data, including financial, operational, and personal information. Integrity is undermined as attackers can alter data and business logic, potentially causing erroneous transactions or fraudulent activities. Availability may also be affected if attackers disrupt SLT processes or the broader SAP environment, leading to operational downtime. Given SAP’s critical role in many industries such as manufacturing, finance, utilities, and government, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to business continuity, regulatory compliance, and reputational trust. The ease of exploitation combined with the lack of required user interaction increases the likelihood of targeted attacks and insider threats leveraging this flaw.

1. Immediately restrict access to the vulnerable RFC function modules to only trusted and necessary users, employing the principle of least privilege. 2. Implement enhanced monitoring and logging of RFC calls and ABAP code execution to detect anomalous or unauthorized activities. 3. Apply network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure of SAP SLT systems to untrusted networks. 4. Regularly audit user privileges and remove or disable accounts that do not require SLT access. 5. Once SAP releases official patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-31330, prioritize their deployment in all affected environments. 6. Employ SAP’s Security Notes and tools such as SAP Solution Manager to monitor system health and compliance. 7. Conduct thorough security assessments and penetration testing focused on RFC interfaces and code injection vectors. 8. Educate SAP administrators and developers on secure coding practices and the risks of code injection vulnerabilities. 9. Consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) or similar technologies to detect and block injection attempts in real time. 10. Maintain an incident response plan tailored to SAP system compromises to enable rapid containment and recovery.