CVE-2025-33206 is an OS command injection vulnerability identified in NVIDIA NSIGHT Graphics for Linux, affecting all versions prior to 2025.5. The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands (CWE-78), which allows an attacker to inject malicious commands into the system shell. This vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker with local access and requires user interaction, such as triggering a specific function or input within the NSIGHT Graphics application. Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing the attacker to escalate privileges, tamper with data, or cause denial of service conditions. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.8 (high), reflecting the significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with relatively low attack complexity and no need for prior privileges. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a serious risk to environments where NSIGHT Graphics is used for GPU debugging and profiling, particularly in Linux-based development and research infrastructures. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in January 2026, with no patch links currently available, indicating that affected users should prioritize updating once patches are released.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a critical risk to systems running NVIDIA NSIGHT Graphics on Linux, especially in sectors reliant on GPU computing such as automotive, aerospace, scientific research, and high-performance computing. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution and privilege escalation, compromising sensitive intellectual property and disrupting critical development workflows. Data tampering could undermine the integrity of debugging and profiling results, leading to flawed software releases or hardware designs. Denial of service could halt development operations, causing financial and reputational damage. Given the local access requirement, insider threats or compromised user accounts pose the greatest risk. Organizations with extensive Linux-based GPU development environments are particularly vulnerable, and the impact could cascade if attackers leverage this vulnerability to move laterally within networks.

Immediate mitigation should focus on restricting local access to systems running NSIGHT Graphics to trusted personnel only, employing strict user account controls and monitoring for suspicious activity. Organizations should prepare to deploy the official patch as soon as NVIDIA releases version 2025.5 or later, which addresses this vulnerability. In the interim, consider isolating affected systems from broader networks to limit potential lateral movement. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect anomalous command execution patterns. Educate users about the risks of interacting with untrusted inputs within NSIGHT Graphics and enforce the principle of least privilege to minimize the impact of potential exploitation. Regularly audit and update Linux system security configurations to reduce attack surface exposure.