CVE-2025-36750 is a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79, affecting Growatt's ShineLan-X product version 3.6.0.0. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input in the Plant Name field, allowing an attacker to inject malicious HTML or JavaScript code. When this crafted input is posted and subsequently displayed on the plant management page, the malicious script executes in the browser context of any user viewing that page. This type of stored XSS is particularly dangerous because the payload persists on the server and affects all users who access the compromised page. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no authentication required (AT:N), no user interaction needed (UI:N), and high impact on confidentiality (VC:H), with limited impact on availability and integrity. The vulnerability could enable attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of legitimate users, or deliver further malware. Although no patches are currently linked, the vulnerability disclosure urges immediate attention. The ShineLan-X product is used for managing solar power plants, making it a critical component in energy infrastructure. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in December 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. No known exploits in the wild have been reported yet, but the ease of exploitation and high impact make it a significant threat.

For European organizations, especially those involved in renewable energy management using Growatt ShineLan-X, this vulnerability poses a serious risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to plant management interfaces, enabling attackers to manipulate operational data, disrupt energy production, or exfiltrate sensitive information. The confidentiality breach could expose user credentials or session tokens, while integrity impacts could allow malicious changes to plant configurations or reporting data. Availability impacts are limited but could occur if attackers use the vulnerability to inject disruptive scripts. Given the strategic importance of renewable energy infrastructure in Europe’s energy transition goals, successful exploitation could have broader economic and operational consequences. Additionally, regulatory compliance such as GDPR mandates protection of user data, and exploitation could lead to legal and reputational damage. The lack of required user interaction or authentication increases the risk of automated or widespread attacks.

Specific mitigation steps include: 1) Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the Plant Name field to reject or neutralize HTML and script content before storage. 2) Apply proper output encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) when rendering user-supplied data on web pages to prevent script execution. 3) Restrict access to the plant management interface using network segmentation, VPNs, or IP whitelisting to reduce exposure. 4) Monitor web application logs for unusual POST requests or payloads indicative of XSS attempts. 5) Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. 6) Update or patch the ShineLan-X product as soon as official fixes become available from Growatt. 7) Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and report suspicious activities. 8) Regularly audit and test the web application for XSS and other injection vulnerabilities using automated tools and manual penetration testing. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on both technical controls and operational practices tailored to the ShineLan-X environment.