CVE-2025-36923 is a vulnerability identified in the Android kernel, specifically within the NrmmDecoder::DecodeSORTransparentContext function in the cn_NrmmDecoder.cpp source file. The issue arises from a heap buffer overflow that results in an out-of-bounds write operation. This memory corruption flaw can be exploited by an attacker in close physical or network proximity to the device, enabling an elevation of privilege without requiring additional execution privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability resides in a low-level kernel component, making it particularly dangerous as it can compromise the core security mechanisms of the Android operating system. The absence of required user interaction and the ability to escalate privileges remotely (proximal/adjacent) significantly increase the attack surface. Although no public exploits are currently known, the nature of the flaw suggests that attackers could leverage it to gain unauthorized access, execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, or bypass security restrictions. The vulnerability affects the Android kernel, which is present on a wide range of Android devices globally. Given the kernel-level impact, successful exploitation could lead to full device compromise, data theft, or persistent malware installation. The lack of a CVSS score indicates the need for a manual severity assessment, which is high due to the combination of remote exploitation potential, privilege escalation, and no user interaction required. Organizations should prioritize monitoring for patches from Google and prepare to deploy updates promptly to mitigate this risk.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-36923 could be substantial, especially for those with large deployments of Android devices such as smartphones, tablets, or embedded systems running Android kernel versions affected by this vulnerability. The elevation of privilege could allow attackers to bypass security controls, access sensitive corporate data, or install persistent malware, potentially leading to data breaches, espionage, or disruption of business operations. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure, which often rely on Android devices for communication and operational purposes, are particularly at risk. The fact that exploitation does not require user interaction increases the likelihood of successful attacks, even against vigilant users. Additionally, the proximity requirement means that attackers could exploit the vulnerability in environments where devices are physically accessible or connected to local networks, such as offices, public transport, or conferences. This could facilitate targeted attacks against high-value individuals or organizations. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive defense, but organizations should not delay mitigation efforts. Failure to address this vulnerability could result in significant reputational damage, regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches, and operational disruptions.

1. Monitor official Google security advisories and Android security bulletins for patches addressing CVE-2025-36923 and apply them immediately upon release. 2. Implement network segmentation and access controls to limit device exposure to potentially malicious proximal attackers, especially in public or semi-public environments. 3. Enforce strict physical security policies to reduce the risk of attackers gaining close proximity to devices. 4. Employ mobile device management (MDM) solutions to ensure timely deployment of security updates and to monitor device integrity. 5. Restrict the use of untrusted or unknown applications that could exploit kernel vulnerabilities. 6. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments on Android devices within the organization to detect signs of compromise. 7. Educate employees about the risks of physical proximity attacks and encourage reporting of suspicious activity. 8. Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of monitoring kernel-level anomalies on Android devices. 9. Collaborate with device manufacturers and service providers to ensure devices receive timely security updates. 10. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing potential kernel-level compromises on mobile devices.