CVE-2025-3955 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the codeprojects Patient Record Management System, specifically within the /edit_rpatient.php.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of user-supplied input parameters, notably 'id' and 'lastname', which are directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate escaping or parameterization. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker with low privileges to manipulate the SQL query logic, potentially extracting, modifying, or deleting sensitive patient data stored in the backend database. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited over the network, increasing its attack surface. Although the CVSS 4.0 base score is rated at 5.3 (medium severity), the classification as critical by the original source suggests that the impact on confidentiality and integrity of sensitive healthcare data could be significant. The vulnerability affects a critical component of healthcare IT infrastructure, the Patient Record Management System, which manages sensitive patient information. No patches or fixes have been publicly disclosed yet, and no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, though public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of imminent exploitation attempts.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers using the codeprojects Patient Record Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of patient records. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal health information (PHI), violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. Integrity of patient data could be compromised, potentially affecting clinical decisions and patient safety. Availability could also be impacted if attackers manipulate or delete records, disrupting healthcare operations. Given the critical nature of healthcare services, any disruption or data breach could have severe consequences on patient care and trust. Furthermore, the remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of attacks, especially in environments where network segmentation or additional security controls are insufficient.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious SQL injection payloads targeting the 'id' and 'lastname' parameters in /edit_rpatient.php.php. 2. Conduct a thorough code review and refactor the vulnerable PHP script to use parameterized queries or prepared statements, eliminating direct concatenation of user inputs into SQL commands. 3. Apply strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, enforcing type and format constraints. 4. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary, preventing unauthorized data manipulation even if injection occurs. 5. Monitor logs for unusual database query patterns or errors indicative of injection attempts. 6. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit access to the Patient Record Management System to trusted internal users and systems only. 7. Since no official patch is available, consider temporary isolation or replacement of the vulnerable system until a vendor fix is released. 8. Educate IT and security teams about this specific vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include scenarios for SQL injection attacks on healthcare systems.