CVE-2025-4032 is a security vulnerability identified in the inclusionAI AWorld product, specifically affecting the subprocess.run and subprocess.Popen functions within the file AWorld/aworld/virtual_environments/terminals/shell_tool.py. The vulnerability is an OS command injection flaw, which means that an attacker can manipulate input to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected system. This type of vulnerability can lead to unauthorized command execution, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system. The vulnerability affects the version identified by the commit hash 8c257626e648d98d793dd9a1a950c2af4dd84c4e, but due to the product's lack of versioning, it is unclear which other versions might be impacted. The attack vector is remote network-based, meaning an attacker does not need physical or local access to exploit it. However, the attack complexity is high, and exploitation is considered difficult, which reduces the likelihood of widespread exploitation. No privileges are required to initiate the attack, and no user interaction is necessary. The CVSS v4.0 score is 2.3, indicating a low severity rating, primarily because the vulnerability requires high attack complexity and has limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. There are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches or fixes have been publicly released. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on April 28, 2025, and the disclosure includes technical details sufficient for potential attackers to develop exploits in the future. The lack of versioning complicates mitigation efforts, as organizations may struggle to identify whether their deployments are affected. The vulnerability is related to improper input validation or sanitization in the subprocess calls that handle shell commands, a common source of command injection flaws.

For European organizations using inclusionAI AWorld, the potential impact of CVE-2025-4032 is currently limited due to the high complexity of exploitation and low CVSS score. However, if exploited, attackers could execute arbitrary OS commands remotely, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data leakage, or disruption of services. Given that the product is used in virtual environment terminals, compromise could allow attackers to pivot within internal networks or escalate privileges. The lack of versioning and absence of patches increase the risk that organizations may unknowingly run vulnerable instances. While no known exploits exist in the wild, the public disclosure means that threat actors could develop exploits over time. European organizations in sectors with high reliance on AI and virtual environment tools, such as research institutions, technology companies, and critical infrastructure operators, could face targeted attacks. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited but non-negligible, especially if attackers leverage this vulnerability as part of a multi-stage attack. The low severity rating suggests that immediate widespread risk is low, but the potential for future exploitation warrants attention.

1. Conduct a thorough inventory to identify all deployments of inclusionAI AWorld, focusing on the specific commit hash or build in use, despite the lack of formal versioning. 2. Restrict network access to the affected subprocess.run/subprocess.Popen functionality by implementing strict network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure of virtual environment terminals. 3. Employ application-layer input validation and sanitization to prevent malicious input from reaching the vulnerable subprocess calls. 4. Monitor logs and system behavior for unusual command execution patterns or anomalies indicative of command injection attempts. 5. Engage with inclusionAI to request official patches or updates and apply them promptly once available. 6. Use host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) to detect suspicious OS command executions. 7. Implement the principle of least privilege for the processes running AWorld to minimize the impact of potential exploitation. 8. Educate system administrators and security teams about this vulnerability to increase awareness and readiness. 9. Consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) tools that can detect and block command injection attempts in real-time. 10. If feasible, isolate the vulnerable components in sandboxed environments to limit potential damage.