CVE-2025-4058 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the Projectworlds Online Examination System, specifically within the /Bloodgroop_process.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Pat_BloodGroup1' parameter, which is susceptible to malicious SQL payloads. An attacker can remotely exploit this flaw without requiring any authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The injection allows the attacker to manipulate backend SQL queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or disruption of database operations. Although the CVSS score is 6.9 (medium severity), the vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited extent (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), suggesting partial but not complete compromise of the database. The vulnerability does not require privileges or user interaction, increasing its exploitation ease. No official patches or fixes have been published yet, and while no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of active exploitation. The affected product is an online examination system, which typically handles sensitive educational data, including student records, exam results, and possibly personal information, making the impact significant in academic and certification contexts.

For European organizations, especially educational institutions, certification bodies, and training providers using the Projectworlds Online Examination System, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive student and examination data. Exploitation could lead to data breaches exposing personal information, manipulation of exam results undermining academic integrity, and potential service disruptions affecting examination availability. Such impacts could damage institutional reputation, lead to regulatory non-compliance under GDPR due to personal data exposure, and cause operational interruptions during critical examination periods. The medium severity rating reflects partial but meaningful impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, which is particularly concerning for organizations relying on the accuracy and security of examination data.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should immediately implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Apply Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules tailored to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'Pat_BloodGroup1' parameter, including payload patterns typical for SQL injection. 2) Conduct a thorough code review and implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions, prioritizing the vulnerable endpoint. 3) Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, preventing the application from performing unauthorized data modifications or schema changes. 4) Monitor application logs and database query logs for anomalous patterns indicative of injection attempts. 5) Isolate the examination system network segment to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 6) Engage with the vendor for timely patch releases and consider temporary migration to alternative examination platforms if feasible. 7) Educate IT and security teams on the specific vulnerability details to enhance detection and response capabilities.