CVE-2025-41033 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability identified in appRain CMF version 4.0.5, a content management framework. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands (CWE-89) specifically through the 'data%5BPage%5D%5Bname%5D' parameter in the endpoint /apprain/page/manage-dynamic-pages/create. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker with low privileges (PR:L) to execute arbitrary SQL commands remotely (AV:N) without user interaction (UI:N). The attacker can manipulate the database by retrieving, creating, updating, or deleting data, potentially leading to full compromise of the backend database. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 8.7, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (all high), with no scope change or privileges beyond low required. Although no public exploits are currently known, the vulnerability's nature and ease of exploitation make it a significant risk. The lack of available patches at the time of publication increases exposure. The vulnerability is critical because it enables direct database manipulation, which can lead to data breaches, data loss, or service disruption. The vulnerability affects a specific version (4.0.5) of appRain CMF, which is used for managing dynamic web content, making websites and applications built on this framework vulnerable to attack.

For European organizations using appRain CMF 4.0.5, this vulnerability poses a severe risk to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including personal data protected under GDPR, resulting in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. The ability to modify or delete database content could disrupt business operations, cause data loss, and impact service availability. Organizations in sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and e-commerce, which often rely on CMS frameworks, could face targeted attacks aiming to extract sensitive information or deface websites. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without user interaction increases the likelihood of automated attacks and widespread exploitation if the vulnerable version is widely deployed. Additionally, the lack of authentication requirement lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing risk. The potential for data breaches also raises concerns about compliance with European data protection laws and the need for incident response readiness.

European organizations should immediately identify any deployments of appRain CMF version 4.0.5 within their infrastructure. Since no official patches are currently available, organizations should implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and sanitization on the 'data[Page][name]' parameter at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to block malicious SQL payloads. 2) Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code if possible, to prevent injection. 3) Restrict database user privileges associated with the appRain CMF application to the minimum necessary, limiting the potential impact of exploitation. 4) Monitor logs for suspicious activity targeting the vulnerable endpoint and unusual database queries. 5) Consider temporarily disabling or restricting access to the vulnerable functionality (/apprain/page/manage-dynamic-pages/create) until a patch is released. 6) Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop patches or updates. 7) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on injection flaws. These targeted mitigations go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific vulnerable parameter and endpoint, privilege restrictions, and proactive monitoring.