CVE-2025-41070 is a reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Sanoma's Clickedu platform, a widely used educational management system. The vulnerability exists in the '/students/carpetes_varies.php' endpoint, where user-supplied input is improperly sanitized or encoded before being reflected in the HTTP response. This allows an attacker to craft a malicious URL containing JavaScript code that executes in the context of the victim's browser when the URL is accessed. Exploitation does not require prior authentication but does require the victim to interact with the malicious link, typically via phishing or social engineering. Successful exploitation can lead to theft of sensitive information such as session cookies, enabling session hijacking, or performing unauthorized actions on behalf of the user, compromising confidentiality and integrity. The vulnerability affects all versions of Clickedu, indicating a systemic issue in input handling. The CVSS 4.8 score reflects medium severity, considering the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, but requiring user interaction. No public exploits or patches are currently available, increasing the urgency for defensive measures. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, a common and well-understood web application security flaw. Given Clickedu's role in managing student data and educational workflows, exploitation could disrupt operations and expose personal data.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using Clickedu, this vulnerability poses a risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive student and staff data. Attackers could steal session cookies to impersonate users, potentially gaining access to personal information, grades, or administrative functions. This could lead to privacy violations under GDPR, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. The reflected XSS nature means attacks rely on social engineering, but the widespread use of Clickedu in countries like Spain and other parts of Europe increases the attack surface. Additionally, unauthorized actions performed via hijacked sessions could alter records or disrupt educational processes. Although availability impact is limited, the breach of confidentiality and integrity can have serious compliance and trust implications. The lack of patches and known exploits means organizations must proactively defend themselves. The medium severity rating suggests moderate urgency but should not be underestimated given the sensitive context.

Organizations should implement multiple layers of defense. First, Sanoma must be urged to release patches that properly sanitize and encode all user inputs in the affected endpoint. Until patches are available, organizations should deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting '/students/carpetes_varies.php'. Security teams should conduct input validation and output encoding reviews in any custom integrations with Clickedu. User awareness campaigns should educate staff and students about the risks of clicking unsolicited or suspicious links. Monitoring web server logs for unusual query parameters or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint can help detect exploitation attempts. Additionally, session management should be hardened by implementing HttpOnly and Secure flags on cookies to reduce theft impact. Organizations should also review and limit user privileges to minimize damage from compromised sessions. Finally, regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on web application vulnerabilities are recommended.