CVE-2025-41404 is a security vulnerability identified in iroha Board, a product developed by iroha Soft Co., Ltd., affecting versions v0.10.12 and earlier. The vulnerability is classified as a direct request or 'Forced Browsing' issue. Forced browsing occurs when an attacker can manipulate URL parameters or direct requests to access resources or content that should be restricted or non-public. In this case, the vulnerability allows an authenticated user with login credentials to view non-public content that should otherwise be inaccessible. The vulnerability does not require user interaction beyond authentication, and it can be exploited remotely over the network (AV:N). The attack complexity is low (AC:L), meaning no special conditions or advanced skills are needed beyond having valid login credentials (PR:L). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:L) but does not affect integrity or availability (I:N, A:N). The CVSS 3.0 base score is 4.3, indicating a medium severity level. There are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches or fixes have been explicitly linked in the provided data. The vulnerability could allow an attacker who has legitimate access to the system to bypass access controls and view sensitive or restricted content, potentially leading to information disclosure within the organization using iroha Board. Since the vulnerability requires authentication, it is less likely to be exploited by external unauthenticated attackers but poses a risk from insider threats or compromised accounts. The scope of affected systems is limited to deployments of iroha Board version 0.10.12 and earlier, which is a niche product likely used in specific organizational contexts for collaboration or content management.

For European organizations using iroha Board, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive internal information, such as confidential documents, project details, or proprietary data. Although the vulnerability requires authenticated access, it increases the risk posed by insider threats or compromised user accounts. This could result in breaches of data privacy regulations such as GDPR if personal or sensitive data is exposed. The impact on integrity and availability is negligible, but confidentiality breaches can damage organizational reputation, lead to competitive disadvantages, or cause regulatory penalties. Organizations in sectors with high confidentiality requirements—such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure—may face more severe consequences. Additionally, the lack of known exploits in the wild suggests limited immediate risk, but the presence of a publicly known vulnerability increases the likelihood of future exploitation attempts. The medium severity rating indicates that while the vulnerability is not critical, it should be addressed promptly to reduce risk exposure.

1. Upgrade iroha Board to the latest version beyond v0.10.12 as soon as a patch or fixed version becomes available from iroha Soft Co., Ltd. 2. Until a patch is available, implement strict access controls and monitoring on user accounts with login privileges to detect and prevent unauthorized access or suspicious browsing behavior. 3. Enforce the principle of least privilege by limiting user permissions to only those necessary for their roles, reducing the risk of sensitive content exposure. 4. Conduct regular audits of access logs to identify any forced browsing attempts or unusual URL access patterns. 5. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of account compromise. 6. If possible, configure web application firewalls (WAFs) or reverse proxies to detect and block suspicious direct URL requests that attempt to access non-public resources. 7. Educate users about the risks of credential sharing and phishing attacks that could lead to account compromise. 8. Segregate sensitive content within iroha Board using additional authentication or encryption layers to mitigate the impact of forced browsing.