CVE-2025-41675 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command), affecting the MB connect line product mbNET.mini. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected device by sending specially crafted GET requests to the cloud server communication script. The root cause is insufficient sanitization or neutralization of special characters in user-supplied input that is incorporated into OS command execution contexts. Because the attacker must have high privileges, this implies that the attacker either has some form of authenticated access or elevated rights on the device or network. Exploitation does not require user interaction, and the attack vector is network-based, making it remotely exploitable over the internet or internal networks. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.2, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, given that arbitrary commands can be executed, potentially leading to full system compromise, data exfiltration, or disruption of device functionality. The affected version is listed as 0.0.0, which likely indicates all current versions or an unspecified version at the time of reporting. No patches are currently available, and no known exploits are reported in the wild. The vulnerability was published on July 21, 2025, with the initial reservation date in April 2025. The mbNET.mini is an industrial communication device used for secure remote access and data transmission in industrial control systems (ICS) and critical infrastructure environments. The vulnerability's exploitation could allow attackers to pivot into industrial networks, disrupt operational technology (OT) processes, or manipulate critical systems remotely.

For European organizations, especially those in industrial sectors such as manufacturing, energy, utilities, and critical infrastructure, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. The mbNET.mini devices are commonly deployed in industrial environments to facilitate secure remote access and cloud communication. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution on these devices, resulting in potential disruption of industrial processes, data breaches, or sabotage. Confidentiality could be compromised through data leakage, integrity could be undermined by unauthorized command execution altering system behavior or configurations, and availability could be impacted by denial-of-service conditions or device malfunction. Given the reliance on such devices in critical infrastructure, the threat extends beyond IT systems to physical safety and operational continuity. The requirement for high privileges limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, as insider threats or compromised credentials could be leveraged. The lack of available patches increases exposure time, and the absence of known exploits does not preclude targeted attacks or future exploitation. European organizations must consider the potential cascading effects on supply chains and national infrastructure security.

1. Immediate network segmentation: Isolate mbNET.mini devices from general IT networks and restrict access to trusted administrators only. 2. Implement strict access controls and multi-factor authentication for any interfaces that allow high-privilege access to these devices. 3. Monitor network traffic for anomalous GET requests targeting the cloud communication scripts, employing intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics for OS command injection patterns. 4. Conduct thorough audits of user privileges and remove unnecessary high-privilege accounts to reduce the attack surface. 5. Engage with MB connect line for official patches or firmware updates; if unavailable, consider temporary mitigations such as disabling vulnerable communication scripts or applying custom input validation filters at network gateways. 6. Employ application-layer firewalls or web application firewalls (WAFs) to sanitize or block malicious input targeting the vulnerable endpoints. 7. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans tailored to ICS environments to enable rapid recovery in case of compromise. 8. Train operational staff on recognizing signs of compromise and enforcing security best practices around device management.