CVE-2025-42912 is a vulnerability identified in the SAP HCM (Human Capital Management) My Timesheet Fiori 2.0 application, specifically version GBX01HR5 605. The core issue is a missing authorization check for authenticated users, classified under CWE-862 (Missing Authorization). This means that once a user is authenticated, the application fails to verify whether the user has the appropriate permissions to perform certain actions or access specific data within the timesheet module. As a result, an attacker with valid credentials can escalate their privileges beyond their intended scope. The vulnerability impacts the integrity of the application, allowing unauthorized modification or manipulation of timesheet data, which could lead to fraudulent time reporting or unauthorized changes to employee records. Confidentiality and availability are not affected, indicating that data leakage or denial of service are not concerns here. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.5 (medium severity), with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, meaning the attack can be performed remotely over the network with low attack complexity, requires low privileges (authenticated user), no user interaction, and impacts integrity but not confidentiality or availability. No known exploits are currently in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, suggesting that organizations should prioritize remediation once available. The vulnerability is significant because SAP HCM is widely used in enterprise environments for managing employee data, payroll, and time tracking, making integrity issues potentially impactful on business operations and compliance.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial. SAP HCM is commonly deployed in large enterprises and public sector organizations across Europe for workforce management. The ability for an authenticated user to escalate privileges and alter timesheet data undermines the integrity of payroll and attendance records, potentially leading to financial discrepancies, compliance violations with labor laws, and internal fraud. This can damage organizational trust and result in regulatory penalties, especially under strict European data governance frameworks such as GDPR, which require accurate and authorized processing of employee data. Although confidentiality is not directly impacted, the integrity breach can indirectly affect data reliability and audit trails. The absence of availability impact means business operations may continue uninterrupted, but the risk of unauthorized data manipulation remains critical. The medium CVSS score reflects the need for timely mitigation, particularly in environments where multiple users have access to the SAP HCM system, increasing the attack surface. Organizations with complex role-based access controls may find this vulnerability exploited to bypass those controls, emphasizing the importance of thorough authorization enforcement.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Immediately review and tighten role-based access controls (RBAC) within the SAP HCM My Timesheet Fiori 2.0 application to ensure that users have only the minimum necessary privileges. 2) Conduct a thorough audit of user permissions and timesheet modification logs to detect any unauthorized changes or suspicious activity. 3) Apply SAP security notes and patches as soon as they are released for this CVE to address the missing authorization checks. 4) Implement additional application-layer authorization checks or compensating controls, such as workflow approvals for timesheet changes, to reduce risk until a patch is applied. 5) Enhance monitoring and alerting on SAP HCM systems to detect privilege escalation attempts or anomalous user behavior. 6) Educate users and administrators about the risks of privilege escalation and the importance of secure credential management. 7) Consider network segmentation and limiting access to SAP HCM systems to trusted internal networks or VPNs to reduce exposure. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on compensating controls and proactive auditing tailored to the specific SAP HCM environment.