CVE-2025-42939 is an authorization bypass vulnerability classified under CWE-863 affecting SAP SE's SAP S/4HANA product, specifically the Manage Processing Rules functionality for bank statements. The flaw arises because the application fails to properly verify authorization when processing requests to delete conditions from shared processing rules. An attacker who is authenticated with basic privileges can manipulate request parameters to delete conditions from any shared rule belonging to any user. This unauthorized deletion compromises the integrity of the processing rules, potentially altering how bank statements are handled within the system. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality or availability, as it does not expose sensitive data or cause denial of service. It affects SAP S/4HANA versions S4CORE 104 through 109. Exploitation requires the attacker to have valid credentials but does not require additional user interaction, making it relatively straightforward once access is obtained. No public exploits have been reported to date, and no patches are currently linked, indicating that organizations should prioritize monitoring and access control until vendor fixes are released. The vulnerability score is 4.3 (medium severity) based on CVSS v3.1, reflecting the moderate impact and ease of exploitation given authenticated access.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk to the integrity of financial processing workflows within SAP S/4HANA environments. Unauthorized deletion of processing rule conditions can lead to incorrect handling of bank statements, potentially causing financial discrepancies, errors in automated reconciliation, and compliance issues with financial regulations such as GDPR and SOX. While confidentiality and availability remain unaffected, the integrity compromise could undermine trust in financial data and reporting. Organizations in sectors with heavy reliance on SAP S/4HANA for financial operations—such as banking, manufacturing, and large enterprises—may face operational disruptions and increased audit scrutiny. The requirement for authenticated access limits the threat to insiders or attackers who have compromised credentials, emphasizing the importance of strong identity and access management. Given the widespread use of SAP in Europe, the impact could be significant if exploited at scale or combined with other attack vectors.

1. Apply SAP vendor patches promptly once they become available for the affected versions (S4CORE 104-109). 2. Restrict user privileges to the minimum necessary, especially limiting access to Manage Processing Rules functionality to trusted personnel. 3. Implement strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 4. Monitor logs and audit trails for unusual deletions or modifications of processing rules, setting alerts for anomalous activities. 5. Conduct regular reviews of shared processing rules and their conditions to detect unauthorized changes early. 6. Employ network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of SAP systems to only authorized users and systems. 7. Educate users about phishing and credential security to prevent unauthorized access. 8. Consider deploying application-layer firewalls or SAP-specific security tools that can detect and block suspicious parameter tampering attempts.