CVE-2025-42975VulnerabilityPublished 12 Aug 2025Updated 13 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-42975: SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP (BIC Document) · Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation

Affects SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP (BIC Document)Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.1 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

6.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 17% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 12 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
SAP_SE SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP (BIC Document)	Affected =105 =106 =107 =108 =602 =603 =604 =605 =634 =736 =746 =747 =748	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-42975 effectively, European organizations should implement a multi-layered approach: 1) Monitor SAP security advisories closely and apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they become available, prioritizing affected versions listed. 2) Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the SAP BIC Document application to neutralize malicious scripts. 3) Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious URL patterns or script injections targeting SAP web interfaces. 4) Enhance user awareness training focused on phishing and social engineering to reduce the likelihood of users clicking malicious links. 5) Restrict access to SAP web applications through network segmentation and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, to limit exposure. 6) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing on SAP environments to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively. 7) Utilize Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers accessing SAP web clients. 8) Review and harden SAP configuration settings to minimize attack surface, including disabling unnecessary web services or features. These targeted measures go beyond generic advice and address the specific nature of this XSS vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver.

Description

SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP (BIC Document) allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a URL link which, when accessed on the BIC Document application, embeds a malicious script. When a victim clicks on this link, the script executes in the victim's browser, allowing the attacker to access and/or modify information related to the web client without affecting availability.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-42975 can be considerable given the widespread adoption of SAP NetWeaver in sectors such as manufacturing, finance, logistics, and public administration. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business information, including financial data, operational metrics, or personally identifiable information processed through the SAP web client interface. Although availability is not affected, the breach of confidentiality and integrity could result in regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, reputational damage, and potential financial losses. The requirement for user interaction (clicking a malicious link) means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to exploit this vulnerability, increasing risk in environments with less mature security awareness. The changed scope indicates that the impact may extend beyond the immediate vulnerable component, potentially affecting other integrated SAP modules or connected systems. Given SAP's role in critical infrastructure and enterprise resource planning, exploitation could disrupt business continuity indirectly through data manipulation or leakage. European organizations with extensive SAP deployments must therefore consider this vulnerability a significant risk vector, especially in industries with stringent data protection requirements.

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #1OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation · Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages.
Architecture and Design · Implementation · Attack Surface Reduction
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch (opens in a new tab)
DOM-Based XSS (opens in a new tab)
Reflected XSS (opens in a new tab)
Stored XSS (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 20 Aug 2025, 02:01 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-79

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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