CVE-2025-42995 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in the SAP MDM Server version 710.750, specifically related to a CWE-590 issue, which involves freeing memory not allocated on the heap. The vulnerability arises in the SAP MDM Server's Read function, where an attacker can send specially crafted packets to the server. These packets trigger a memory read access violation, causing the server process to fail and exit unexpectedly. This results in a denial of service (DoS) condition due to the abrupt termination of the server process. The vulnerability does not impact the confidentiality or integrity of the application, as it does not allow unauthorized data disclosure or modification. Instead, the primary impact is on availability, as the server becomes unavailable until restarted or remediated. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.5, reflecting a high severity rating. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requiring no privileges (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), making it relatively easy to exploit remotely. The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is limited to the vulnerable component itself. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or fixes have been linked yet. The vulnerability is reserved and published in 2025, indicating it is a recent discovery. The root cause is improper memory management, specifically freeing memory that was not allocated on the heap, which leads to undefined behavior and crashes in the server process.

For European organizations using SAP MDM Server 710.750, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to operational continuity. The denial of service caused by the server crash can disrupt critical master data management processes, which are essential for maintaining accurate and consistent data across enterprise systems. This disruption can affect supply chain management, financial reporting, and customer data integrity indirectly by halting data synchronization and processing. Given SAP's widespread adoption in Europe, especially among large enterprises and manufacturing sectors, the availability impact could lead to operational downtime, financial losses, and reputational damage. However, since confidentiality and integrity are not compromised, the risk of data breaches or manipulation is minimal. The ease of exploitation without authentication or user interaction increases the threat level, as attackers can remotely trigger the crash without needing insider access or user involvement. Organizations with high dependency on SAP MDM for real-time data operations are particularly vulnerable to service interruptions.

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, European organizations should: 1) Immediately identify and inventory all SAP MDM Server instances running version 710.750 to assess exposure. 2) Implement network-level protections such as firewall rules and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) to restrict access to the SAP MDM Server's network ports, limiting exposure to trusted internal networks and known management hosts only. 3) Monitor network traffic for anomalous or malformed packets targeting the SAP MDM Server, using deep packet inspection tools to detect potential exploitation attempts. 4) Establish robust incident response procedures to quickly restart or failover SAP MDM Server instances in case of crashes to minimize downtime. 5) Engage with SAP support channels to obtain patches or hotfixes as soon as they become available, and plan for timely deployment. 6) Consider deploying SAP MDM Server instances in high-availability configurations or with load balancing to reduce the impact of single-instance failures. 7) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on SAP infrastructure to identify and remediate similar memory management vulnerabilities proactively. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on network controls, monitoring, and operational resilience tailored to the specific vulnerability and product.