CVE-2025-43777 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting multiple versions of Liferay Portal and Liferay DXP, specifically versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132 and various quarterly releases from 2024.Q1.1 through 2025.Q2.9. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-209, which involves the generation of error messages containing sensitive information. In this case, when a login attempt is made using a deleted Client Secret, the system responds with an "Internal Server Error" message that inadvertently exposes sensitive internal server information in the response body. This leakage can provide attackers with insights into the internal workings of the authentication mechanism or server configuration, potentially aiding further attacks such as credential guessing, targeted exploitation, or reconnaissance. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.1, indicating a medium severity level. The vector details show that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:L) but some user interaction (UI:P), and has limited confidentiality impact (VC:L) with no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches are linked yet, suggesting that organizations should monitor for updates and apply them promptly once available.

For European organizations using Liferay Portal or Liferay DXP, this vulnerability could lead to unintended disclosure of sensitive internal server information during authentication failures involving deleted client secrets. This information leakage can facilitate attackers in crafting more effective attacks, potentially compromising user accounts or gaining unauthorized access. Given Liferay's popularity in enterprise content management and portal solutions across Europe, especially in sectors like government, finance, and education, the exposure could undermine trust and lead to compliance issues under GDPR if sensitive data is indirectly exposed. While the vulnerability does not directly allow unauthorized access or data modification, the information disclosure can be a stepping stone for more severe attacks. The requirement for user interaction and the need for a deleted client secret to trigger the error somewhat limit the exploitability, but targeted phishing or social engineering could increase risk. Organizations relying heavily on Liferay for critical services should consider this vulnerability a moderate threat to confidentiality and act accordingly.

1. Monitor Liferay's official security advisories closely and apply patches or updates as soon as they become available to address CVE-2025-43777. 2. Implement strict client secret lifecycle management to avoid using deleted or invalid client secrets in authentication attempts. 3. Customize error handling in Liferay Portal to ensure that error messages do not reveal internal server details; consider generic error responses for authentication failures. 4. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious login attempts that may exploit this vulnerability. 5. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on authentication flows to identify and remediate similar information disclosure issues. 6. Educate users and administrators about the risks of phishing and social engineering that could trigger such errors. 7. Restrict access to authentication endpoints via network segmentation or IP whitelisting where feasible to reduce exposure.