CVE-2025-4582 identifies a buffer over-read vulnerability classified under CWE-126 and CWE-193 in RTI Connext Professional's core libraries. The vulnerability stems from an off-by-one error in buffer handling during file manipulation processes, causing the software to read beyond the intended buffer boundaries. This can lead to exposure of adjacent memory contents, potentially leaking sensitive information or causing application crashes. The affected versions span a wide range from 4.4a up to versions before 7.6.0, indicating a longstanding issue across multiple releases. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) indicates that exploitation requires local access with low privileges, no user interaction, and results in low confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. No known public exploits or active exploitation have been reported to date. The vulnerability primarily threatens environments where RTI Connext Professional is deployed for real-time data distribution, commonly in industrial automation, aerospace, defense, and automotive sectors. The flaw could be leveraged by an attacker with local access to read sensitive memory areas, potentially gaining insight into application internals or causing denial of service through crashes. The absence of patches at the time of publication necessitates close vendor engagement for remediation. Overall, this vulnerability highlights the importance of rigorous buffer boundary checks in real-time middleware components.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-4582 is primarily on confidentiality and availability within systems utilizing RTI Connext Professional middleware. Given the requirement for local access and low privileges, the threat is more significant in environments where multiple users or processes share access to systems running the vulnerable software. Potential impacts include unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data residing in memory buffers and application instability or crashes leading to service disruption. This is particularly critical in sectors such as industrial automation, transportation, aerospace, and defense, where RTI Connext is widely used for real-time communication and control. Disruptions or data leaks in these sectors could affect operational continuity, safety, and compliance with data protection regulations like GDPR. The medium severity rating reflects limited remote exploitability but underscores the need for vigilance in environments with shared access or insider threat risks. Failure to address this vulnerability could expose European critical infrastructure and manufacturing facilities to targeted attacks or accidental failures.

To mitigate CVE-2025-4582, European organizations should: 1) Identify all deployments of RTI Connext Professional and verify versions against the affected list. 2) Apply vendor-provided patches or upgrade to versions 7.6.0 or later as soon as they become available. 3) Implement strict access controls to limit local access to systems running the vulnerable software, reducing the risk of exploitation by low-privilege users. 4) Monitor system logs and behavior for anomalies indicative of buffer over-read exploitation attempts or application crashes. 5) Conduct code audits or penetration tests focusing on buffer handling in custom integrations with RTI Connext. 6) Employ memory protection mechanisms such as Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and Data Execution Prevention (DEP) where applicable to hinder exploitation. 7) Educate system administrators and developers about the risks of buffer over-read vulnerabilities and secure coding practices. 8) Maintain an incident response plan tailored to potential information disclosure or denial of service scenarios related to middleware vulnerabilities.