CVE-2025-46285 is an integer overflow vulnerability identified in Apple’s iOS and iPadOS platforms, as well as other Apple operating systems such as watchOS, macOS, visionOS, and tvOS. The root cause is related to the handling of 64-bit timestamps, where an integer overflow condition could be exploited by a local application. This overflow allows the app to escalate its privileges from a limited user context to root, effectively gaining full control over the device. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, making exploitation more straightforward once local access is obtained. The flaw was addressed by Apple through adopting proper 64-bit timestamp handling and releasing patches in versions including iOS 18.7.3, iPadOS 18.7.3, iOS 26.2, iPadOS 26.2, watchOS 26.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.3, and others. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8 indicates a high-severity issue with local attack vector, low attack complexity, requiring privileges but no user interaction, and impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no public exploits have been reported, the potential for root access makes this a critical concern for device security. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-190 (Integer Overflow or Wraparound), a common weakness that can lead to serious security breaches if not mitigated properly.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a significant risk especially for those relying on Apple devices for sensitive communications, data storage, or operational control. Successful exploitation could lead to complete device compromise, allowing attackers to access confidential information, manipulate data integrity, or disrupt device availability. This is particularly critical for sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure where Apple devices are increasingly used. The ability to gain root privileges without user interaction lowers the barrier for attackers who have local access, including insider threats or malware that has already gained limited foothold. The widespread use of Apple devices in Europe means that the attack surface is substantial, and unpatched devices could be targeted for espionage, data theft, or sabotage. Additionally, the vulnerability affects multiple Apple OS variants, increasing the scope of impact across different device types used in enterprise and personal contexts.

European organizations should prioritize immediate patching of all affected Apple devices by deploying the latest OS updates released by Apple (iOS 18.7.3, iPadOS 18.7.3, iOS 26.2, iPadOS 26.2, watchOS 26.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.3, and others). Beyond patching, organizations should enforce strict app installation policies, limiting installations to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and employing Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to control app permissions and monitor device compliance. Implementing endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools tailored for Apple devices can help identify suspicious local privilege escalation attempts. User education should emphasize the risks of installing untrusted apps and the importance of timely updates. Network segmentation and limiting local access to devices can reduce the risk of exploitation by malicious insiders or lateral movement by attackers. Regular audits of device OS versions and compliance status will help maintain security posture. Finally, organizations should prepare incident response plans specific to Apple device compromises to quickly contain and remediate any detected exploitation.