CVE-2025-4766 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 2.1 of the PHPGurukul Zoo Management System, specifically in the /admin/profile.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization and validation of the 'contactnumber' parameter, which is susceptible to malicious input manipulation. An attacker can exploit this flaw remotely without any authentication or user interaction, injecting crafted SQL commands that the backend database executes. This can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the underlying database. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity level, indicating a significant risk due to the remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack vector, although the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as low to limited. No known exploits are currently observed in the wild, but public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects a niche product used primarily for managing zoo operations, which may include sensitive data such as animal records, staff information, and operational details.

For European organizations utilizing the PHPGurukul Zoo Management System, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive operational data, potentially leading to data breaches or manipulation of critical information. While the product is specialized and likely used by a limited number of institutions, any compromise could disrupt zoo management activities, affect animal welfare tracking, and damage organizational reputation. Additionally, if the system interfaces with other internal networks or systems, the SQL injection could serve as a pivot point for broader network compromise. Given the remote and unauthenticated exploitability, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to exfiltrate data or corrupt records, impacting confidentiality and integrity. However, the limited scope and niche deployment reduce the overall impact on the broader European cybersecurity landscape.

Organizations should immediately audit their PHPGurukul Zoo Management System installations to identify version 2.1 deployments. Since no official patch links are provided, administrators should implement immediate input validation and sanitization on the 'contactnumber' parameter within /admin/profile.php, employing parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. Restricting access to the admin interface via network segmentation and firewall rules can reduce exposure. Monitoring database logs for suspicious queries and implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules can provide additional protection. Organizations should also consider isolating the affected system from critical networks until a vendor patch or update is available. Regular backups of the database should be maintained to enable recovery in case of data corruption or loss.