CVE-2025-47728 is a high-severity vulnerability classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) affecting Delta Electronics' CNCSoft-G2 software. This vulnerability arises due to improper validation of user-supplied files within the application. Specifically, when a user opens a maliciously crafted file, the software fails to correctly verify the file's structure or content boundaries, leading to an out-of-bounds write condition. This memory corruption flaw can be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the current process. The vulnerability requires local access (attack vector: local), with low attack complexity, but demands privileged user permissions (PR:H) and user interaction (UI:A) to trigger. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 7.3, indicating a high severity level. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as successful exploitation could allow an attacker to execute code, potentially leading to system compromise, data manipulation, or denial of service. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been released at the time of publication. The affected product, CNCSoft-G2, is a software tool used for controlling CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machinery, which is critical in manufacturing environments. The vulnerability's exploitation could disrupt industrial operations or lead to unauthorized control over CNC equipment, posing significant operational and safety risks.

For European organizations, especially those in manufacturing, industrial automation, and critical infrastructure sectors, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk. CNCSoft-G2 is likely used in factories and production lines where CNC machines are integral to operations. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution on systems controlling physical machinery, potentially causing production downtime, equipment damage, or safety incidents. The compromise of CNC systems could also lead to intellectual property theft or sabotage. Given the requirement for local access and privileged user permissions, insider threats or attackers who gain initial foothold on the network could leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges or move laterally within industrial control environments. The high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts make this vulnerability particularly concerning for European manufacturers aiming to maintain operational continuity and comply with stringent EU cybersecurity regulations such as NIS2.

1. Implement strict access controls to limit who can open files in CNCSoft-G2, ensuring only trusted and trained personnel have the necessary privileges. 2. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint protection solutions to monitor and restrict execution of unauthorized or suspicious files. 3. Conduct regular user training to raise awareness about the risks of opening untrusted files, emphasizing the need for caution with files from external sources. 4. Isolate CNCSoft-G2 systems within segmented network zones to reduce the risk of lateral movement if a compromise occurs. 5. Monitor system logs and behavior for anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected process executions or memory errors. 6. Coordinate with Delta Electronics for timely patch deployment once available, and consider temporary compensating controls such as disabling file import features if feasible. 7. Perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on industrial control systems to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.