CVE-2025-4812 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System, specifically affecting the /profile.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'mobilenumber' parameter, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database without requiring any user interaction or privileges. The injection can lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive patient and testing data managed by the system. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium severity), the nature of SQL injection vulnerabilities typically poses significant risks, especially in healthcare environments where data sensitivity is high. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, increasing its exploitability. No official patches or mitigations have been published yet, and while no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of imminent attacks. The system is used to manage testing data for Human Metapneumovirus, a respiratory virus, indicating its deployment in healthcare or diagnostic facilities. The vulnerability's exploitation could lead to exposure of patient health information, manipulation of test results, or disruption of testing operations, which could have serious implications for public health responses and patient care.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers, diagnostic labs, and public health agencies using the PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Integrity breaches could cause falsification of test results, undermining trust in healthcare services and potentially impacting patient treatment decisions. Availability impacts could disrupt testing workflows, delaying diagnosis and response to respiratory infections. Given the critical nature of healthcare infrastructure and the sensitivity of health data in Europe, exploitation could also erode public trust and complicate pandemic or outbreak management efforts. The medium CVSS score may underestimate the real-world impact due to the criticality of healthcare data and systems involved.

Immediate mitigation steps include implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the /profile.php file to prevent SQL injection. Organizations should conduct a thorough code review and security audit of the PHPGurukul system, focusing on all user input points. If possible, isolate the vulnerable system behind network segmentation and restrict external access to minimize exposure. Monitoring and logging database queries and web application activity can help detect exploitation attempts early. Since no official patches are available, organizations should contact the vendor for updates or consider temporary compensating controls such as web application firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'mobilenumber' parameter. Regular backups of the database should be maintained to enable recovery in case of data tampering. Finally, organizations should prepare incident response plans specific to healthcare data breaches and ensure compliance with European data protection laws.