CVE-2025-48529 is a security vulnerability identified in the Android operating system, specifically within the setRingtoneUri method of the VoicemailNotificationSettingsUtil.java component. The flaw arises from a confused deputy problem, where the system component improperly handles permissions or authority, allowing one user context to access data belonging to another user without proper authorization. This leads to a local information disclosure vulnerability. The exploit does not require any additional execution privileges or user interaction, meaning an attacker with local access to the device can leverage this vulnerability to access sensitive information from other user profiles on the same device. The affected Android versions include 13, 14, 15, and 16, which cover a broad range of recent and current Android releases. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature as a cross-user data leak poses privacy risks, especially on multi-user devices or devices with multiple profiles. The lack of a CVSS score indicates that the vulnerability is newly published and not yet fully assessed, but the technical details confirm its potential for unauthorized data exposure without elevated privileges or user interaction.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-48529 primarily concerns privacy and data confidentiality. Organizations that issue Android devices to employees, especially those that support multiple user profiles or shared device scenarios (e.g., kiosks, shared work devices), may face risks of sensitive information leakage between users. This could lead to exposure of voicemail notification settings or other related personal data, potentially violating GDPR requirements on data protection and privacy. Although the vulnerability does not allow remote exploitation or privilege escalation, the local nature means that physical access or malware running with standard user privileges could exploit it. This risk is heightened in environments where devices are shared or where insider threats exist. Additionally, sectors with high privacy requirements such as healthcare, finance, and government agencies in Europe could be particularly sensitive to such leaks. The absence of known exploits in the wild reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for future attacks once exploit code becomes available.

To mitigate CVE-2025-48529, European organizations should prioritize the following actions: 1) Apply security updates and patches from Google as soon as they become available, ensuring all Android devices are updated to fixed versions beyond 16. 2) Restrict the use of multi-user or shared profiles on Android devices where possible, especially in sensitive environments. 3) Implement device management policies that limit local access to authorized personnel only and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to prevent unauthorized local access. 4) Monitor devices for unusual local activity that may indicate exploitation attempts, including unauthorized access to voicemail or notification settings. 5) Educate users about the risks of local data leaks and encourage secure device usage practices. 6) For organizations managing Android devices via Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions, configure policies to disable or limit features related to voicemail notification settings if feasible until patches are applied. These targeted mitigations go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific nature of the vulnerability (local, cross-user data leak) and the affected component.