CVE-2025-48610 is a vulnerability identified in the Android kernel's memory protection subsystem, specifically within the __pkvm_guest_relinquish_to_host function in the mem_protect.c source file. The issue arises from a logic error that causes a configuration data leak, allowing local attackers to access sensitive information without requiring elevated execution privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability is classified as an information disclosure flaw, meaning it compromises confidentiality but does not affect integrity or availability of the system. The attack vector is local, requiring the attacker to have some form of limited access to the device, such as a low-privileged user account or an app running on the device. The flaw could potentially expose configuration details that might assist attackers in crafting further exploits or gaining deeper access to the system. The CVSS score of 5.5 (medium severity) reflects the moderate risk posed by this vulnerability, balancing the high confidentiality impact against the limited attack vector and privileges required. No public exploits have been reported, and no patches have been officially released at the time of publication. The vulnerability affects the Android kernel broadly, which is a core component of all Android devices, making the scope potentially wide but limited by the need for local access.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-48610 lies in the potential exposure of sensitive configuration data on Android devices used within corporate environments. This could include smartphones, tablets, or embedded Android systems used in operational technology or mobile workforces. Information disclosure can facilitate more sophisticated attacks, such as privilege escalation or targeted exploitation, by revealing internal system details. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach could lead to indirect impacts, including data leakage or unauthorized access. Organizations with high reliance on Android devices for sensitive communications or data processing—such as financial institutions, healthcare providers, and government agencies—may face increased risk. The local access requirement somewhat limits the threat to insiders or attackers who have already compromised a device to some extent. However, given the widespread use of Android in Europe, the vulnerability could be leveraged in multi-stage attacks against valuable targets.

To mitigate CVE-2025-48610, European organizations should implement a layered approach: 1) Restrict local access to Android devices by enforcing strong device authentication, disabling unnecessary user accounts, and limiting app permissions to reduce the attack surface. 2) Monitor for unusual local activity on devices, including attempts to access kernel memory or escalate privileges. 3) Maintain up-to-date device firmware and operating system versions, applying security patches promptly once Google releases a fix for this vulnerability. 4) Employ mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce security policies, control app installations, and remotely manage devices. 5) Educate users about the risks of installing untrusted applications or granting excessive permissions that could facilitate local exploitation. 6) For high-security environments, consider isolating critical Android devices or using hardware-backed security features to limit kernel exposure. 7) Collaborate with vendors and security communities to stay informed about emerging exploits and mitigation techniques related to this vulnerability.