VulnerabilityPublished 13 Jun 2025

CVE-2025-48918: Drupal Simple Klaro · Cross-site Scripting

Affects Drupal Simple KlaroSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 8.8 High : upgrade to 1.10.0 soon.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 14:05 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

8.8High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 18% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 1.10.0

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 13 Jun 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade Drupal Simple Klaro to 1.10.0.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Drupal Simple Klaro	Affected <1.10.0	Fixed in 1.10.0

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should prioritize upgrading the Simple Klaro module to version 1.10.0 or later as soon as it becomes available, as this will contain the necessary input sanitization fixes. If you cannot patch yet, organizations can implement strict Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of inline scripts and untrusted sources, thereby reducing the risk of XSS exploitation. Additionally, input validation and output encoding should be enforced at the application level, especially for any user-controllable parameters that interact with the Simple Klaro module. Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) should be configured to detect and block common XSS attack patterns targeting this module. Regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on XSS vectors in Drupal environments are recommended to identify and remediate similar issues proactively. Organizations should also educate web administrators and developers about the risks of improper input handling and ensure secure coding practices are followed. Monitoring web logs for unusual or suspicious requests related to cookie consent pages can help detect attempted exploitation.

Description

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Drupal Simple Klaro allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects Simple Klaro: from 0.0.0 before 1.10.0.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-48918 can be substantial. Drupal is widely used by government agencies, educational institutions, and private enterprises across Europe, many of which rely on the Simple Klaro module for cookie consent management to comply with GDPR and other privacy laws. Exploitation of this XSS vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to user sessions, enabling attackers to impersonate legitimate users or administrators. This can result in data breaches involving personal data, undermining GDPR compliance and potentially leading to severe regulatory penalties. Additionally, attackers could deface websites or redirect users to phishing or malware distribution sites, damaging organizational reputation and trust. The vulnerability could also be leveraged as a foothold for further attacks within the network if administrative sessions are compromised. Given the strategic importance of many Drupal-powered websites in Europe, including those of critical infrastructure and public services, the threat extends beyond individual organizations to potentially affect national cybersecurity postures.

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #1OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation · Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages.
Architecture and Design · Implementation · Attack Surface Reduction
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch (opens in a new tab)
DOM-Based XSS (opens in a new tab)
Reflected XSS (opens in a new tab)
Stored XSS (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

drupal.org/sa-contrib-2025-071 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 13 Jun 2025, 16:05 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-79

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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