CVE-2025-49452 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affecting the PostaPanduri product developed by Adrian Ladó, specifically versions up to 2.1.3. The vulnerability arises due to improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. According to the CVSS 3.1 vector (9.3), this vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network without any authentication or user interaction (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that exploitation can affect resources beyond the initially vulnerable component. The impact on confidentiality is high (C:H), while integrity is not impacted (I:N), and availability impact is low (A:L). This suggests that an attacker can extract sensitive data from the backend database but cannot modify or delete data or cause significant denial of service. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability is present in the way PostaPanduri constructs SQL queries, failing to properly sanitize or parameterize user inputs, which enables attackers to craft malicious payloads that alter the intended SQL logic. This can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information stored in the database, such as user credentials, personal data, or internal configuration details. Given the critical severity and ease of exploitation, this vulnerability represents a significant risk to any organization using affected versions of PostaPanduri, especially if the application is exposed to the internet or untrusted networks.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial. PostaPanduri is a mail or messaging-related product, likely used in enterprise or governmental communication infrastructures. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of confidential communications, user data, or internal system information, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. This could result in regulatory fines, reputational damage, and loss of trust. Additionally, the compromise of sensitive data could facilitate further attacks such as phishing, social engineering, or lateral movement within networks. The low impact on integrity and availability means attackers are less likely to disrupt services or alter data, but the high confidentiality impact alone is critical for organizations handling sensitive or classified information. The lack of required authentication and user interaction increases the risk, as attackers can exploit the vulnerability remotely without prior access or user involvement. Organizations with internet-facing PostaPanduri instances are particularly at risk, as are those in sectors with high-value data such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on isolating or restricting access to PostaPanduri instances, especially from untrusted networks, using network segmentation and firewall rules. 2. Monitor network traffic and application logs for unusual or suspicious SQL query patterns indicative of injection attempts. 3. Apply strict input validation and sanitization at the application layer, employing parameterized queries or prepared statements if possible, even before an official patch is released. 4. If source code access is available, conduct a code review to identify and remediate unsafe SQL query constructions. 5. Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting PostaPanduri endpoints. 6. Prepare for patch deployment by tracking vendor updates closely; once a patch is available, prioritize immediate application. 7. Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize signs of exploitation and respond promptly. 8. Consider deploying database activity monitoring tools to detect abnormal query patterns and potential data exfiltration attempts. 9. For critical environments, consider temporary replacement or alternative solutions until the vulnerability is fully remediated.