CVE-2025-49572 is a high-severity out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-787) affecting Adobe Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.0 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly handles memory boundaries, allowing an attacker to write data outside the intended buffer limits. Such memory corruption can lead to arbitrary code execution within the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction, specifically the victim opening a crafted malicious file designed to trigger the vulnerability. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and no privileges required. The vulnerability scope is unchanged, meaning the exploit affects only the vulnerable application and its privileges. Although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the potential for exploitation remains significant due to the ability to execute arbitrary code. Adobe has not yet released a patch, and the vulnerability was publicly disclosed in August 2025. This vulnerability is particularly critical for users who frequently open untrusted or third-party 3D model files, as these could be weaponized to compromise systems.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-49572 could be substantial, especially those in industries relying heavily on 3D modeling and digital content creation, such as media, entertainment, automotive design, and manufacturing. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, resulting in data breaches, intellectual property theft, or disruption of critical design workflows. Since the vulnerability executes code with the current user's privileges, compromised accounts with elevated rights could lead to broader network compromise. Additionally, the potential for malware delivery or lateral movement within corporate networks increases the risk profile. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but does not eliminate targeted attacks, particularly spear-phishing campaigns delivering malicious 3D model files. Given the increasing adoption of Adobe Substance3D in creative sectors across Europe, the threat could affect both large enterprises and SMEs, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive design data.

Organizations should implement a multi-layered mitigation approach: 1) Restrict the use of Adobe Substance3D - Modeler to trusted users and environments, minimizing exposure to untrusted files. 2) Educate users on the risks of opening files from unknown or unverified sources, emphasizing cautious handling of 3D model files received via email or downloads. 3) Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing techniques to limit the execution context of Substance3D - Modeler, reducing the impact of potential exploitation. 4) Monitor network and endpoint logs for unusual behaviors indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected process launches or memory anomalies. 5) Maintain up-to-date backups of critical design data to enable recovery in case of compromise. 6) Since no patch is currently available, consider temporary mitigation by disabling or limiting the use of the affected software until Adobe releases an official update. 7) Engage with Adobe’s security advisories regularly to apply patches promptly once released.