CVE-2025-49993 is a medium-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) affecting the Cookie-Script.com service, specifically versions up to 1.2.1. The vulnerability arises from improperly configured access control mechanisms within the Cookie-Script.com platform, which is a widely used cookie consent management tool that helps websites comply with privacy regulations by managing user consent for cookies. The core issue is that certain cookie-related scripts or endpoints do not enforce proper authorization checks, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to exploit these weaknesses remotely (AV:N - network attack vector) without any privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality or availability but can lead to integrity violations, such as unauthorized modification or manipulation of cookie consent settings or scripts. The CVSS vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) indicates that the attack is relatively easy to execute (AC:L - low attack complexity), does not require authentication, and affects the integrity of the system. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet, which suggests that organizations using Cookie-Script.com should proactively monitor for updates and consider interim mitigations. The vulnerability affects the core functionality of cookie consent management, which is critical for compliance with privacy laws such as GDPR and ePrivacy Directive in Europe. Exploitation could allow attackers to alter consent states or inject unauthorized scripts, potentially undermining user privacy and regulatory compliance.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability is significant due to the widespread adoption of Cookie-Script.com for GDPR compliance. Unauthorized manipulation of cookie consent settings can lead to non-compliance with stringent European data protection regulations, resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. Additionally, attackers could potentially inject or modify scripts that track users without consent, violating user privacy and undermining trust. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise data confidentiality or availability, the integrity breach can facilitate secondary attacks such as unauthorized tracking or data collection. Organizations in sectors with high regulatory scrutiny, such as finance, healthcare, and e-commerce, are particularly at risk. Furthermore, given the network-exploitable nature of the vulnerability and lack of required authentication, attackers can target these organizations remotely at scale. This could lead to widespread privacy violations and regulatory investigations across the European Union and other countries with similar privacy laws.

1. Immediate monitoring of official Cookie-Script.com communications and security advisories for patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-49993 is critical. 2. Until a patch is available, organizations should consider implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious requests targeting cookie consent endpoints or scripts. 3. Conduct a thorough review of the integration of Cookie-Script.com scripts on websites to ensure minimal privileges and restrict access to cookie management APIs where possible. 4. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts injected via this vulnerability. 5. Regularly audit cookie consent logs and user consent states for anomalies that may indicate exploitation attempts. 6. Engage with Cookie-Script.com support to understand any recommended interim mitigations or configuration changes that can reduce exposure. 7. Educate web development and security teams about the risks of missing authorization controls in third-party scripts and enforce strict validation of external service integrations. 8. Consider alternative cookie consent management solutions with robust security track records if timely remediation is not forthcoming.