CVE-2025-50077 is a vulnerability identified in Oracle Corporation's MySQL Cluster, specifically affecting the MySQL Server component known as InnoDB. The affected versions include 7.6.0, 8.0.0 through 8.0.42, 8.4.0 through 8.4.5, and 9.0.0 through 9.3.0. This vulnerability allows a high-privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to exploit the system without requiring user interaction. The vulnerability leads to a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by causing the MySQL Server to hang or crash repeatedly, resulting in complete service unavailability. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 4.9, indicating a medium severity primarily due to its impact on availability. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity, but it requires high privileges, meaning the attacker must already have significant access to the system or network. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-400, which relates to uncontrolled resource consumption, suggesting that the exploit likely triggers resource exhaustion or similar conditions causing the server to become unresponsive. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, indicating that organizations should be vigilant and prepare for remediation once patches are available. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality or integrity but solely affects availability, making it a critical concern for environments relying heavily on MySQL Cluster for continuous database operations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-50077 can be significant, especially for those relying on MySQL Cluster for critical applications such as financial services, telecommunications, healthcare, and e-commerce. A successful exploitation would result in denial of service, causing database outages that could disrupt business operations, lead to loss of revenue, and damage reputation. Given the medium CVSS score, the vulnerability is not trivial but requires an attacker to have high privileges, which somewhat limits the attack surface. However, in environments where internal threats or compromised credentials are possible, this vulnerability could be leveraged to cause substantial operational disruption. Additionally, the multi-protocol network access vector means that the attack could be launched remotely within the network, increasing the risk in complex, interconnected infrastructures common in European enterprises. The lack of impact on confidentiality and integrity reduces risks related to data breaches but does not diminish the operational risks associated with downtime. Regulatory requirements such as GDPR emphasize availability and resilience, so prolonged outages could also lead to compliance issues and potential fines.

To mitigate CVE-2025-50077, European organizations should implement several specific measures beyond generic advice: 1) Restrict network access to MySQL Cluster nodes strictly to trusted and authenticated users and systems, employing network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure. 2) Enforce the principle of least privilege rigorously to minimize the number of users with high privileges capable of exploiting this vulnerability. 3) Monitor MySQL Cluster logs and system performance metrics closely for signs of resource exhaustion or unusual hangs that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4) Prepare incident response plans specifically for MySQL Cluster outages, including failover and recovery procedures to minimize downtime. 5) Stay updated with Oracle's security advisories and apply patches immediately once they become available. 6) Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS) that can detect and block suspicious traffic patterns targeting MySQL protocols. 7) Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on privilege escalation and network access controls to identify and remediate potential attack vectors before exploitation.