CVE-2025-52284 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the Totolink X6000R router firmware version V9.4.0cu.1360_B20241207. The vulnerability exists in the sub_4184C0 function, specifically via the 'tz' parameter. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted request that injects arbitrary commands into the system. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands on the affected device. The vulnerability does not require any authentication or user interaction, making it easier to exploit remotely over the network. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.5, indicating a medium severity level, with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N. This means the attack can be performed remotely without privileges or user interaction, impacting confidentiality and integrity but not availability. No patches or known exploits in the wild have been reported at the time of publication. The affected version is specific to the Totolink X6000R router firmware, a consumer-grade networking device commonly used for home and small office internet connectivity. The vulnerability could allow attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or manipulate router configurations by executing arbitrary commands, potentially leading to further network compromise or data leakage.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on the deployment of Totolink X6000R routers within their network infrastructure. While Totolink devices are primarily consumer-focused, small businesses or branch offices may use them due to cost-effectiveness. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of network configuration details, interception or redirection of network traffic, and potential pivoting to internal systems. This can compromise the confidentiality and integrity of organizational data. Additionally, attackers could manipulate router settings to create persistent backdoors or disrupt network operations indirectly. Given the unauthenticated nature of the exploit, attackers can target exposed devices directly from the internet or internal networks without needing credentials. European organizations with remote or distributed offices using these routers are at risk, especially if devices are accessible from untrusted networks. The lack of availability impact reduces the risk of denial-of-service but does not mitigate the threat of data compromise or network manipulation.

1. Immediate mitigation involves isolating affected Totolink X6000R devices from untrusted networks, especially the internet, to reduce exposure. 2. Network administrators should implement strict firewall rules to restrict access to router management interfaces, allowing only trusted IP addresses or VPN connections. 3. Monitor network traffic for unusual command execution patterns or unexpected outbound connections originating from these routers. 4. Since no official patches are currently available, consider replacing vulnerable devices with alternative routers from vendors with active security support. 5. Regularly audit and update router firmware when vendors release security updates addressing this vulnerability. 6. Employ network segmentation to limit the impact of compromised devices, preventing lateral movement within the corporate network. 7. Educate IT staff about this vulnerability to ensure timely detection and response to potential exploitation attempts. 8. Use intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics capable of detecting command injection attempts targeting the 'tz' parameter or similar attack vectors on Totolink devices.