CVE-2025-52379 is an authenticated command injection vulnerability found in the firmware of the Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 Mesh Router, specifically in firmware versions UV1.2.7 and below. The vulnerability resides in the firmware update functionality, particularly in the handling of the upgradeFileName parameter within the /web/um_fileName_set.cgi and /web/um_web_upgrade.cgi endpoints. These endpoints fail to properly sanitize the upgradeFileName parameter, allowing an authenticated attacker to inject arbitrary operating system commands. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution (RCE) on the router device, granting the attacker the ability to execute commands with the privileges of the web server process, which often runs with elevated permissions on embedded devices. This could lead to full compromise of the router, including control over network traffic, interception or manipulation of data, and potential pivoting to other devices on the network. The vulnerability requires authentication, meaning the attacker must have valid credentials or exploit another vulnerability to gain access to the router's management interface. There are no known public exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches or fixes have been linked yet. The lack of CVSS score indicates this is a newly published vulnerability with limited public data. However, the nature of command injection and RCE on a network device is inherently serious due to the critical role routers play in network security and traffic management.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses significant risks. Mesh routers like the Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 are often deployed in small to medium enterprise environments and home offices, which are common in Europe. Compromise of such routers can lead to interception of sensitive communications, disruption of network availability, and unauthorized access to internal networks. Given the authenticated nature of the exploit, insider threats or attackers who have obtained credentials through phishing or other means could leverage this vulnerability to gain persistent footholds. Additionally, compromised routers can be used as launch points for lateral movement or as part of botnets for further attacks. The impact extends to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network communications, potentially affecting compliance with European data protection regulations such as GDPR if personal data is intercepted or manipulated. The absence of patches increases the window of exposure, making timely mitigation critical.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should first ensure that access to router management interfaces is tightly controlled and limited to trusted personnel and networks. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) should be implemented where possible to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Network segmentation should be employed to isolate management interfaces from general user networks. Monitoring and logging of router management access should be enhanced to detect suspicious activities. Until a firmware update or patch is released by Nexxt Solutions, organizations should consider disabling remote management features or restricting them via firewall rules. If possible, replacing affected devices with models from vendors with a strong security track record and timely patching policies may be warranted. Regularly auditing credentials and changing default or weak passwords will reduce the risk of unauthorized authenticated access. Finally, organizations should stay informed about vendor advisories and apply patches promptly once available.