CVE-2025-53136 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-200, indicating exposure of sensitive information to unauthorized actors. It specifically affects Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0) within the Windows NT OS Kernel. The vulnerability allows an attacker with local authenticated access and low privileges to disclose sensitive kernel-level information. The flaw does not require user interaction and does not affect system integrity or availability, focusing solely on confidentiality breaches. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium), reflecting the local attack vector (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), and requirement for privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction (UI:N). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), and the impact is high on confidentiality (C:H) but none on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N). No known public exploits or patches are currently available, but the vulnerability is published and recognized by Microsoft. The exposure of kernel-level sensitive information could facilitate privilege escalation or other targeted attacks if combined with additional vulnerabilities. The absence of patches necessitates cautious handling and monitoring for potential exploit development.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a risk of sensitive information leakage from the kernel, which could include cryptographic keys, system configurations, or other confidential data. Such exposure can be leveraged by attackers to escalate privileges or bypass security controls, especially in environments where local access is possible, such as shared workstations or multi-user systems. Sectors like finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitivity of their data and regulatory requirements for data protection under GDPR. Although the vulnerability does not directly compromise system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach can undermine trust and lead to secondary attacks. The impact is heightened in organizations that have not upgraded from Windows 10 Version 1809, which is an older release and may lack ongoing security support. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially from insider threats or advanced persistent threat (APT) actors with local access.

European organizations should prioritize upgrading affected systems from Windows 10 Version 1809 to a supported and patched Windows version, as no official patches are currently available for this specific vulnerability. Until upgrades are feasible, organizations should enforce strict access controls to limit local user privileges and reduce the number of users with local authenticated access. Implementing endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions can help monitor and detect suspicious local activities that might attempt to exploit this vulnerability. Network segmentation and the use of virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) can further isolate sensitive environments. Regular audits of user accounts and privileges should be conducted to minimize the attack surface. Additionally, organizations should stay alert for any forthcoming patches or security advisories from Microsoft and apply them promptly. Employing data encryption and secure boot mechanisms can also reduce the risk of sensitive data exposure at the kernel level.