CVE-2025-53718 is a use-after-free vulnerability classified under CWE-416, affecting the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). This vulnerability occurs when the system improperly handles memory, freeing an object while it is still in use, which can lead to memory corruption. An authorized attacker with local access and low privileges can exploit this flaw to elevate their privileges to higher levels, potentially SYSTEM or administrator privileges. The vulnerability does not require user interaction but does require the attacker to have some level of local access. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.0 (high), reflecting the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, but with high attack complexity and the need for privileges. No public exploits or proof-of-concept code are known to be in the wild at this time. The vulnerability is significant because it targets a core networking component (WinSock), which is widely used in Windows environments, making it a valuable target for attackers seeking to gain elevated privileges on compromised systems. The lack of a patch link indicates that remediation may still be pending or in progress. Organizations running Windows 10 Version 1809 should consider this vulnerability a priority once patches are released.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-53718 could be substantial, especially in sectors relying heavily on Windows 10 Version 1809, such as government, finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure. Successful exploitation allows attackers to escalate privileges locally, potentially leading to full system compromise, data breaches, and disruption of services. This could result in loss of sensitive information, operational downtime, and regulatory penalties under GDPR if personal data is exposed. Since the vulnerability affects a networking driver, it could also facilitate lateral movement within enterprise networks, increasing the risk of widespread compromise. The requirement for local access limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, as attackers could leverage other vectors (e.g., phishing, insider threats) to gain initial footholds. The high attack complexity and absence of known exploits reduce immediate risk but do not diminish the need for proactive mitigation.

1. Apply official patches from Microsoft as soon as they become available to address this vulnerability. 2. Until patches are released, restrict local access to systems running Windows 10 Version 1809 by enforcing strict access controls and limiting administrative privileges. 3. Implement application whitelisting and endpoint protection solutions that can detect anomalous behavior related to memory corruption or privilege escalation attempts. 4. Monitor event logs and network activity for unusual WinSock driver behavior or privilege escalation indicators. 5. Consider upgrading affected systems to a more recent, supported Windows version where this vulnerability is not present. 6. Conduct regular security awareness training to reduce the risk of attackers gaining local access through social engineering or insider threats. 7. Use network segmentation to limit lateral movement opportunities if a system is compromised. 8. Employ vulnerability scanning and asset inventory tools to identify and track affected systems within the organization.