CVE-2025-53760 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability identified in Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 (version 16.0.0). SSRF vulnerabilities occur when an attacker can manipulate a server to send crafted requests to internal or external systems that the attacker cannot directly access. In this case, an authorized attacker with network-level privileges can exploit the vulnerability to coerce SharePoint into making arbitrary HTTP requests. This can lead to privilege escalation by accessing internal resources, potentially exposing sensitive information or enabling further attacks within the network. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-918, indicating improper restriction of outgoing requests by the server. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.1, reflecting high severity due to network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no user interaction required. The impact on confidentiality is high, as sensitive data may be exposed, while integrity impact is low and availability is unaffected. The vulnerability does not require user interaction but does require some level of privileges (PR:L). No known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date (August 12, 2025). The lack of available patches at the time of reporting suggests that organizations should implement interim mitigations to reduce risk. Given SharePoint's widespread use in enterprise environments, this vulnerability could be leveraged for lateral movement or data exfiltration within compromised networks.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-53760 is significant, especially for those using Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 in critical business operations or government functions. The SSRF vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to internal systems and sensitive data, undermining confidentiality. This could result in data breaches, intellectual property theft, or exposure of personally identifiable information (PII), potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. The ability to escalate privileges within the network increases the risk of further compromise, including lateral movement to other critical infrastructure. While availability is not directly affected, the indirect consequences of data exposure and privilege escalation can disrupt business continuity and damage organizational reputation. The vulnerability's exploitation could also facilitate espionage or sabotage, particularly in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and public administration, which heavily rely on SharePoint for collaboration and document management.

1. Immediately restrict network access to SharePoint servers, limiting inbound and outbound HTTP requests to only trusted sources and destinations. 2. Implement strict egress filtering and firewall rules to prevent unauthorized internal requests initiated by SharePoint. 3. Monitor SharePoint server logs and network traffic for unusual or unexpected outbound requests that may indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Enforce the principle of least privilege for all users and service accounts interacting with SharePoint to minimize the potential for privilege escalation. 5. Apply any official patches or security updates from Microsoft as soon as they become available. 6. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block SSRF attack patterns targeting SharePoint. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on internal request handling and SSRF vectors within SharePoint environments. 8. Educate administrators and security teams about SSRF risks and detection techniques specific to SharePoint to improve incident response readiness.