CVE-2025-54102 is a use-after-free vulnerability classified under CWE-416, found in the Windows Connected Devices Platform Service on Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). This vulnerability arises when the service improperly manages memory, leading to a condition where freed memory is accessed again, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code or escalate privileges. The flaw requires the attacker to have local access with some privileges (PR:L) but does not require user interaction (UI:N). Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to complete compromise of the affected system's confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as indicated by the CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 (high severity). The vulnerability is exploitable with low attack complexity (AC:L), meaning it does not require sophisticated techniques. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the potential for privilege escalation makes it a significant risk, especially in environments where Windows 10 Version 1809 remains in use. The lack of available patches at the time of publication necessitates proactive mitigation strategies. The Windows Connected Devices Platform Service is integral for device connectivity features, and its compromise could allow attackers to gain elevated privileges and control over the system, potentially leading to lateral movement or persistence within a network.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk, particularly for those still operating legacy Windows 10 Version 1809 systems. Successful exploitation can lead to privilege escalation, enabling attackers to execute code with elevated rights, potentially compromising sensitive data and critical systems. This can disrupt business operations, lead to data breaches, and undermine trust in IT infrastructure. Sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure are especially vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their data and the strategic importance of their operations. The local access requirement somewhat limits remote exploitation but insider threats or attackers who have gained initial footholds can leverage this vulnerability to deepen their access. The absence of user interaction requirement increases the risk of automated or stealthy exploitation once local access is obtained. Given the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, the vulnerability could facilitate advanced persistent threats (APTs) targeting European entities.

European organizations should prioritize upgrading from Windows 10 Version 1809 to a supported and patched Windows version to eliminate exposure to this vulnerability. In the absence of an official patch, organizations should implement strict local access controls, including limiting administrative privileges and enforcing least privilege principles. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to monitor for unusual privilege escalation attempts or anomalous behavior related to the Connected Devices Platform Service. Network segmentation can reduce the risk of lateral movement if exploitation occurs. Regularly audit and harden system configurations to minimize attack surfaces. Additionally, organizations should educate internal users about the risks of local privilege escalation and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to reduce the likelihood of unauthorized local access. Maintaining up-to-date asset inventories to identify systems running the vulnerable Windows 10 build is critical for targeted remediation.