CVE-2025-54199 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability (CWE-125) affecting Adobe Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.0 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly handles memory bounds during processing of certain inputs, leading to the potential disclosure of sensitive memory contents. The flaw requires user interaction, specifically the opening of a maliciously crafted file by the victim, to trigger the out-of-bounds read condition. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to access sensitive data residing in adjacent memory locations, which may include confidential information or application internals. However, the vulnerability does not allow modification of data or denial of service, as it is limited to information disclosure. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), reflecting the local attack vector (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), required user interaction (UI:R), unchanged scope (S:U), high impact on confidentiality (C:H), and no impact on integrity or availability (I:N/A:N). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. This vulnerability is significant for users of Adobe Substance3D - Modeler, a 3D content creation tool used in design, animation, and visualization workflows.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-54199 depends largely on the extent to which Adobe Substance3D - Modeler is integrated into their creative and design pipelines. Organizations involved in digital content creation, media production, gaming, architecture, and product design may be at risk of sensitive data leakage if malicious files are opened by users. The disclosed memory could contain proprietary design data, user credentials cached in memory, or other sensitive information, potentially leading to intellectual property theft or further targeted attacks. Although the vulnerability does not allow code execution or system compromise directly, the confidentiality breach could undermine trust and lead to compliance issues under GDPR if personal or sensitive data is exposed. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but targeted spear-phishing or social engineering attacks could be effective. The absence of known exploits suggests a window for proactive mitigation before widespread abuse occurs.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should: 1) Immediately audit and inventory all installations of Adobe Substance3D - Modeler to identify affected versions (1.22.0 and earlier). 2) Restrict the opening of untrusted or unsolicited 3D model files, especially those received via email or external sources. Implement strict file validation and sandboxing where possible. 3) Educate users on the risks of opening files from unknown or unverified sources, emphasizing the need for caution with 3D content files. 4) Monitor Adobe's security advisories closely for the release of patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and prioritize timely deployment once available. 5) Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect anomalous behavior related to Adobe Substance3D - Modeler processes. 6) Consider network segmentation to isolate systems used for 3D modeling from sensitive corporate networks to limit potential data exposure. 7) Implement data loss prevention (DLP) controls to monitor and prevent unauthorized exfiltration of sensitive design data. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on controlling file trust boundaries, user awareness, and proactive monitoring tailored to the specific software and attack vector.