CVE-2025-54281 is a Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability identified in Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.9, 2022.7, and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly manages memory, freeing an object and then continuing to use it, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can exploit this flaw by crafting a malicious Framemaker file that, when opened by a user, triggers the use-after-free condition. This allows the attacker to execute code with the same privileges as the current user, potentially leading to full system compromise depending on user rights. The vulnerability requires user interaction—specifically, the victim must open the malicious file—but does not require prior authentication or elevated privileges. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting high severity due to the combination of local attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, required user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patches or exploit code are currently publicly available, and no known exploits in the wild have been reported as of the publication date. However, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations relying on Adobe Framemaker for technical documentation and publishing workflows.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, alteration or destruction of critical documentation, and potential lateral movement within networks if exploited. Organizations in sectors such as publishing, engineering, manufacturing, and government that use Adobe Framemaker extensively are at heightened risk. The arbitrary code execution capability could allow attackers to deploy malware, ransomware, or steal intellectual property. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to deliver malicious files. Given the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, exploitation could disrupt business operations and damage reputations. The lack of current known exploits provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the risk remains significant due to the widespread use of Adobe products in Europe.

1. Monitor Adobe’s official channels for patches and apply them immediately once released to remediate the vulnerability. 2. Until patches are available, restrict the opening of Framemaker files from untrusted or unknown sources through email filtering and endpoint controls. 3. Implement application whitelisting and sandboxing for Adobe Framemaker to limit the impact of potential exploitation. 4. Educate users on the risks of opening unsolicited or suspicious Framemaker files, emphasizing phishing awareness. 5. Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior related to memory corruption exploits. 6. Regularly back up critical documentation and maintain offline copies to ensure recovery in case of compromise. 7. Review and enforce least privilege principles for users running Framemaker to minimize potential damage from code execution.